Nokea
The uterus displays the following components:
- A. the cervix;
- B. the corpus;
- C. the head;
- D. the mid piece;
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: the cervix. The cervix is a component of the uterus that connects the uterus to the vagina. It plays a crucial role in pregnancy, as it dilates during childbirth to allow the baby to pass through. The other choices, B: the corpus, C: the head, and D: the mid piece, are incorrect as they do not refer to components of the uterus. The corpus typically refers to the main body of an organ, while the head and mid piece are terms commonly associated with structures in cells or organisms, not the uterus.
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The external genitalia of the female are collectively called the
- A. labia
- B. vulva
- C. clitoris
- D. mons pubis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: vulva. The vulva includes all external female genital structures, such as the labia, clitoris, and mons pubis. The term "vulva" is the most inclusive and accurate choice, encompassing all components of the external female genitalia. The other options, A, C, and D, refer to specific parts of the vulva, making them incorrect in this context. The labia are the outer and inner folds surrounding the vaginal opening, the clitoris is a highly sensitive organ involved in sexual pleasure, and the mons pubis is the fatty tissue overlying the pubic bone.
What is the purpose of spermiogenesis?
- A. The stem cell line is built through the process of spermiogenesis.
- B. Spermiogenesis produces type A cells from each spermatogonium.
- C. Spermatids are streamlined to form sperm via spermiogenesis.
- D. Spermiogenesis results in the production of two sperm from one primary spermatocyt
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Spermatids are streamlined to form sperm via spermiogenesis. Spermiogenesis is the final stage of spermatogenesis where round spermatids mature into spermatozoa. During spermiogenesis, the spermatids undergo significant structural changes, including the formation of the acrosome, tail, and mitochondria, to become fully functional sperm cells. Choices A and B are incorrect because spermiogenesis does not involve building the stem cell line or producing type A cells. Choice D is incorrect because spermiogenesis does not result in the production of two sperm from one primary spermatocyte; rather, it is the process by which spermatids are transformed into mature sperm cells.
Identify the CORRECT strategy to achieve external fertilization.
- A. Female organism will modify its body parts to receive male gametes.
- B. Fertilization must occur at night to avoid predators.
- C. Eggs and sperm must be shed simultaneously into water.
- D. The release of eggs is more frequent than the release of sperm.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct strategy for external fertilization is to have eggs and sperm shed simultaneously into water. This allows the gametes to meet and fertilize outside of the organism's body. This method is effective in aquatic environments where the chances of gametes coming into contact are increased. Choice A is incorrect as it describes internal fertilization. Choice B is irrelevant to the process of external fertilization. Choice D is incorrect as the frequency of egg and sperm release does not determine the success of external fertilization.
Which of the following statements relating to lactation is incorrect.
- A. plasma prolactin releasing factor stimulates the release of prolactin from the anterior pituitary.
- B. mechanical stimulation and neural inputs stimulate the anterior pituitary to secrete prolactin releasing factor and oxytocin.
- C. plasma oxytocin stimulates the contraction of breast glands causing milk ejection.
- D. progesterone helps prepare the mammary glands for lactation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because mechanical stimulation and neural inputs do not directly stimulate the anterior pituitary to secrete prolactin releasing factor and oxytocin. The release of prolactin is primarily controlled by the hypothalamus through the release of prolactin inhibitory hormone (dopamine) and prolactin releasing hormone. Oxytocin release is controlled by the hypothalamus in response to suckling. Choices A, C, and D are all correct statements about lactation. Plasma prolactin releasing factor (prolactin releasing hormone) does stimulate the release of prolactin, plasma oxytocin does stimulate milk ejection, and progesterone does prepare the mammary glands for lactation.
Which structure contains lysosomal-like enzymes?
- A. Sertoli cells
- B. sperm head
- C. acrosome
- D. sperm tail
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: acrosome. Lysosomal-like enzymes are found in the acrosome of sperm cells, where they help in breaking down the outer layers of the egg during fertilization. Sertoli cells (A) provide nourishment and support for developing sperm cells. The sperm head (B) contains genetic material but not lysosomal-like enzymes. The sperm tail (D) is responsible for movement and does not contain lysosomal-like enzymes. Therefore, the acrosome (C) is the structure that specifically houses these enzymes for the fertilization process.