Nokea
The pituitary FSH controls:
- A. the maturation of the ovarian follicles;
- B. the estrogen secretion;
- C. ovulation;
- D. the progesterone secretion;
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The pituitary FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) controls the maturation of ovarian follicles by stimulating their growth and development. FSH plays a crucial role in the early stages of the menstrual cycle. Estrogen secretion is primarily regulated by the ovaries, not FSH. Ovulation is mainly triggered by the surge in LH (Luteinizing Hormone) levels, not FSH. Progesterone secretion is mainly controlled by the corpus luteum, which forms after ovulation, not directly by FSH. Therefore, the correct answer is A as FSH directly influences the growth and maturation of ovarian follicles.
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A 67-year-old man who was admitted for a transurethral resection and fulguration of a stage A bladder tumor is ready for discharge. In his discharge teaching plan the nurse should reinforce the importance of his physician for
- A. periodic cystoscopies
- B. headaches
- C. routine urinalysis
- D. increased daily urinary output
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Periodic cystoscopies are important to monitor for recurrence of bladder tumors.
Which cells secrete testosterone?
- A. Sertoli cells
- B. Spermatogenic cells
- C. Leydig cells
- D. Oogonia
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale:
1. Leydig cells are located in the testes and are responsible for secreting testosterone.
2. Testosterone is a male sex hormone crucial for regulating various functions in the body.
3. Sertoli cells provide support for sperm development, not testosterone secretion.
4. Spermatogenic cells are involved in sperm production, not testosterone secretion.
5. Oogonia are female germ cells, not involved in testosterone secretion.
Summary:
Choice C (Leydig cells) is correct because they are the specific cells in the testes responsible for secreting testosterone. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they are associated with other functions related to reproduction and are not involved in testosterone secretion.
The opening to the uterus:
- A. Vagina
- B. Ovary
- C. Cervix
- D. hypermenorrhoea
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Cervix. The cervix is the opening to the uterus, allowing passage of sperm into the uterus and menstrual blood out of the uterus. The vagina (A) is the canal leading from the cervix to the outside of the body. The ovary (B) is responsible for producing eggs and hormones but is not the opening to the uterus. Hypermenorrhoea (D) refers to excessive menstrual bleeding and is not related to the opening to the uterus.
A young woman is given daily injections of a substance beginning on the 16th day of her normal menstrual cycle and continuing for 3 weeks. As long as the injections continue, she does not menstruate. The injected substance could be which of the following?
- A. Testosterone
- B. FSH
- C. An inhibitor of progesterone’s actions
- D. A prostaglandin E2 inhibitor
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: An inhibitor of progesterone’s actions. Progesterone is responsible for maintaining the uterine lining, and inhibiting its actions would prevent menstruation. Testosterone (A) and FSH (B) do not directly affect menstruation. Prostaglandin E2 (D) is involved in the menstrual process, but inhibiting it would not necessarily stop menstruation.
The transmission of sound vibrations through the inner ear occurs chiefly through:
- A. Bone
- B. Nerve fibers
- C. Air
- D. Liquid
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Liquid. Sound vibrations travel through the inner ear mainly through the liquid-filled cochlea. When sound waves reach the ear, they cause the fluid inside the cochlea to move, stimulating hair cells that convert the vibrations into electrical signals sent to the brain. Choice A (Bone) is incorrect as bone conduction bypasses the middle ear, while sound must pass through it to reach the cochlea. Choice B (Nerve fibers) is incorrect because nerves transmit the electrical signals generated by the hair cells, not sound vibrations themselves. Choice C (Air) is incorrect as the inner ear is filled with liquid, not air, and sound waves need a medium like air to travel through the ear canal but not inside the inner ear.