Nokea
Which of the following best describes epidemiology?
- A. The study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specified populations.
- B. The study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specified populations and the application of this study to control health problems.
- C. The study of how social factors influence health outcomes.
- D. The study of how health systems and services impact population health.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because epidemiology not only focuses on studying the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events but also emphasizes applying this knowledge to control health problems. Choice A is incorrect because it lacks the application aspect. Choice C is incorrect as it specifically mentions social factors, which is a narrower focus than epidemiology. Choice D is incorrect as it focuses solely on health systems and services, neglecting the broader scope of epidemiology. In summary, choice B aligns with the comprehensive nature of epidemiology by encompassing both study and application aspects.
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Which of the following is used to monitor specific groups eligible for a certain program of the DOH?
- A. Family treatment record
- B. Target Client list
- C. Reporting forms
- D. Output record
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Target Client list. This is used to monitor specific groups eligible for a certain program of the Department of Health (DOH).
- A: Family treatment record is specific to tracking treatment history, not program eligibility monitoring.
- C: Reporting forms are used to collect data but not specifically to monitor eligible groups.
- D: Output record refers to the results of a process, not the monitoring of eligible groups.
What term is used for the statistics of disease and death?
- A. Vital statistics
- B. Statistics
- C. Morbidity
- D. Mortality
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Vital statistics. Vital statistics refer to the statistical data related to births, deaths, marriages, and health. This term encompasses the statistical analysis of disease and death rates within a population. Morbidity (choice C) specifically refers to the prevalence of illness or disease in a population, while mortality (choice D) refers to the incidence of death. Statistics (choice B) is a general term and does not specifically address the statistics of disease and death. Therefore, vital statistics (choice A) is the most appropriate term for the statistics of disease and death.
Which of the following statements best describes the role of a community health nurse?
- A. Provides direct patient care in hospital settings
- B. Conducts health education and community organizing activities
- C. Coordinates care for individuals and families
- D. Advocates for health policies and programs
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because a community health nurse focuses on promoting health education and community organizing activities to improve the overall health of a community. They work outside hospital settings, emphasizing preventive care and population health. Choice A is incorrect as it refers to a nurse working in a hospital. Choice C is incorrect as it specifically focuses on individual and family care coordination. Choice D is incorrect as advocating for health policies and programs is more aligned with a public health advocate's role, rather than a community health nurse's primary responsibility.
The healthcare provider should consider the following when assessing the child for chest indrawing EXCEPT
- A. Chest indrawing should be present at all times
- B. The lower chest wall does not move in when the child breathes in
- C. The lower chest moves in when the child breathes in
- D. The child should be calm
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because chest indrawing should not be present at all times in a child. Chest indrawing is a sign of increased work of breathing and respiratory distress. Choices B and C describe the characteristic of chest indrawing accurately. Choice D is incorrect because a child in respiratory distress may not be calm. Therefore, the healthcare provider should consider all options except for choice A when assessing a child for chest indrawing.
Donna needs further teaching about the use of partograph if she said to her CI that:
- A. I will start using the partograph if the patient's cervix is already 4 cm dilated.
- B. I can use the partograph in all pregnant women.
- C. I will plot the cervical dilatation using 'x'.
- D. I need to refer my patient to the hospital if the cervical dilatation reaches the action line.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale: Choice B is correct because the partograph is a tool used for monitoring labor progress in all pregnant women, not just in specific cases. It is essential for early detection of complications. Choice A is incorrect as the partograph should be used from the onset of labor regardless of the cervical dilation. Choice C is incorrect as the cervical dilation should be plotted in centimeters, not using 'x'. Choice D is incorrect as referral should be based on the overall assessment of the labor progress, not solely on reaching the action line on the partograph.