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While caring for a patient following an uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP), the nurse monitors the patient for which complications in the immediate postoperative period?
- A. Snoring and foul-smelling breath
- B. Infection and electrolyte imbalance
- C. Loss of voice and severe sore throat
- D. Airway obstruction and hemorrhage
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Airway obstruction and hemorrhage are critical complications to monitor after UPPP. Snoring (A) may persist initially, infection (B) is less common, and voice loss (C) is rare.
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Mary is diagnosed with a brain tumor and is unable to speak. Where is the tumor probably located?
- A. Occipital lobe.
- B. Cerebellum.
- C. Frontal lobe.
- D. Parietal lobe.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The frontal lobe controls speech and language functions.
The patient asks when she should take bisphosphonate medications for treatment of osteoporosis. You tell her
- A. On a full stomach.
- B. Just before getting into bed.
- C. First thing in the morning on an empty stomach with a full glass of water, 30 to 60 minutes before eating, and without lying down.
- D. With an acidic liquid such as orange juice.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Bisphosphonates require specific administration guidelines to enhance absorption.
How should the nurse respond to Mrs. West’s statement, “Oh well, I have already lived my life anyway.”
- A. “Oh, you have nothing to worry about Mrs. West. We’re going to take good care of you.”
- B. “You feel that your life is ending, Mrs. West? Can you tell me more about your feelings?”
- C. “Your doctor is one of the best and our surgical staff is excellent.”
- D. “The x-rays indicate that your tumor is accessible and the surgery will cure your problem.”
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Encouraging the patient to express feelings fosters trust and understanding.
A physician is monitoring intravenous fluids for someone who is currently being treated for metabolic acidosis. The physician monitors his signs and symptoms typical of metabolic acidosis which include:
- A. Elevated blood pressure,bradycardia,elevated respiratory rate and muscle twitching.
- B. Hypotension altered heart rate elevated respiratory rate and muscle weakness.
- C. Hypertension tachycardia slowed respiratory rate and muscle spasms.
- D. Hypotension hypoxia irritability and paresthesia.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is Hypotension, altered heart rate, elevated respiratory rate, and muscle weakness (B). Metabolic acidosis causes the body to compensate by increasing respiratory rate to blow off CO2, leading to hyperventilation. Other symptoms include hypotension, altered heart rate, and muscle weakness due to electrolyte imbalances.
Give an example of a sensitive way to ask a patient each of the following questions.
- A. Is the patient on antihypertensive medication having a side effect of impotence?
- B. Has the patient with a history of alcoholism had recent alcohol intake?
- C. Who are the sexual contacts of a patient with gonorrhea?
- D. Does the patient skip taking medications because they cost too much?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: N/A