Nokea
A 10-month-old child can do all the following EXCEPT
- A. says mama or dada
- B. follows one-step command without gesture
- C. points to objects or real first word
- D. speaks inhibition word 'no'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Speaking inhibition words like 'no' typically occurs later.
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A 50-year-old African American patient is diagnosed with anemia. Where can the nurse assess for pallor?
- A. Scalp
- B. Chest
- C. Axillae
- D. Conjunctivae
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: When assessing for pallor in a patient with anemia, the nurse should specifically look at the conjunctivae (the membranes that cover the white part of the eyes). In individuals with anemia, the lack of red blood cells can result in paleness in the conjunctivae, which can be observed as a pale or whitish color. This area is especially useful for assessing pallor in individuals with darker skin tones, such as African Americans, where pallor may be less noticeable on other areas of the body.
The adrenal cortex is responsible for producing which substances?
- A. Glucocortocoids and androgens
- B. Mineralocortiroids and
- C. Catecholamines and epinephrine catecholamines
- D. Norepinephine and epinephrine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The adrenal cortex is the outer portion of the adrenal glands and is responsible for producing hormones known as corticosteroids. Within the corticosteroids, the adrenal cortex produces glucocorticoids (such as cortisol) which are involved in regulating metabolism and the immune response. Additionally, the adrenal cortex produces androgens which are male sex hormones, although they are present in both males and females. Therefore, the correct substances produced by the adrenal cortex are glucocorticoids and androgens (Choice A).
A 5 years old boy presents with joint swelling after minor trauma, mother gives history of prolonged bleeding from circumcision site. His platelets count is 170000, PT is 10 seconds and APTT is 60 seconds. What is most likely the diagnosis?
- A. Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
- B. Platelets function defect
- C. Von Willebrand disease
- D. Hemophilia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hemophilia is characterized by prolonged APTT with normal platelet count and PT, indicating a coagulation factor deficiency.
You are meeting parents of a 1.5-year-old boy who has suboptimal growth. He has been delivered prematurely at the gestational age of 32 weeks. Examination reveals a healthy child with growth parameters below normal for age. You reassure the parents that their child will catch his normal growth with time. Of the following, the growth parameter that should be corrected at this age is
- A. weight
- B. height
- C. body mass index
- D. head circumference
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Premature infants often experience suboptimal weight gain initially due to their early birth. However, they tend to 'catch up' in weight over time as they mature, making weight the most relevant parameter to correct.
A client with anemia has been admitted to the medical-surgical unit. Which assessment findings are characteristic of iron-deficiency anemia?
- A. Night sweats, weight loss, and diarrhea
- B. Nausea, vomiting, and anorexia
- C. Dyspnea, tachycardia, and pallor
- D. Itching, rash, and jaundice  A1 PASSERS TRAINING, RESEARCH, REVIEW & DEVELOPMENT COMPANY MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING SET H
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Iron-deficiency anemia is a common type of anemia characterized by a lack of iron in the body, which leads to decreased production of red blood cells containing hemoglobin. The assessment findings characteristic of iron-deficiency anemia include dyspnea (shortness of breath) due to decreased oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood, tachycardia (rapid heart rate) as the body tries to compensate for decreased oxygen delivery, and pallor (pale skin and mucous membranes) due to reduced red blood cell production. These symptoms result from insufficient iron levels affecting the body's ability to produce an adequate number of healthy red blood cells. Night sweats, weight loss, and diarrhea are not typically associated with iron-deficiency anemia. Nausea, vomiting, anorexia, itching, rash, and jaundice are also not primary manifestations of iron-deficiency an