Nokea
A 24-year-old man with severe cognitive impairment, and no relatives participating in his care, needs to make a decision about removal of a brain tumor. Which ethical concept is the client unable to benefit from?
- A. Autonomy
- B. Justice
- C. Beneficence
- D. Advocacy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The client is unable to make an autonomous decision due to cognitive impairment.
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A nurse is assisting a client in values clarification. Which of the following actions should the nurse assist the client to complete first?
- A. Develop a religious affiliation to assist with the process.
- B. Identify what is meaningful in one’s life.
- C. Act in a way that is consistent with one’s beliefs.
- D. Use beliefs held by others as a guideline for life.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Values clarification begins with examining one’s beliefs and then acting in a way that supports those beliefs.
A nurse is providing primary prevention education to reduce the risk of lead poisoning to a mother of a toddler. Which of the following recommendations would the nurse make?
- A. Encourage the toddler to drink orange juice and eat yogurt.
- B. Encourage the toddler to eat plenty of cakes and cookies to help absorb the lead.
- C. Limit foods high in iron such as spinach to help reduce lead levels.
- D. Encourage dark-chocolate–containing products that contain antioxidants to help reduce lead levels.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Vitamin C (found in orange juice) and calcium (found in yogurt) help reduce lead absorption in the body.
During a home visit, a nurse notes that a person with hypertension lives on the third floor of a subsidized housing project on a busy road with no sidewalks and few street lights. Which of the following would be the best recommendation for exercise for the nurse to make to the person?
- A. Do not exercise because you have high blood pressure.
- B. Use the stairs whenever you are entering or leaving the building.
- C. Go for short walks around the block during the daytime only.
- D. Purchase an exercise bike.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Using the stairs is a safe and inexpensive exercise that can help lower blood pressure.
A nurse discussing the care of a person on the surgical unit following gastric bypass surgery with a friend is in violation of the:
- A. Patient Self-Determination Act
- B. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996
- C. Americans with Disabilities Act
- D. Civil Rights Act
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) is a federal privacy standard that requires safeguards to protect the security and confidentiality of health information. Disclosures without individual authorization are allowed only to public health authorities authorized by law to collect and receive information for the purpose of preventing or controlling disease, injury, or disability.
A teenager is expecting her menstrual period on May 14. On which of the following dates would the nurse recommend that she perform a self-breast exam?
- A. May 11
- B. May 14
- C. May 17
- D. May 23
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The best time to perform a breast self-exam is 2 to 3 days after menstruation when breasts are less tender.