Nokea
A 37-year-old woman with multiple sclerosis is married and has three children. The nurse has worked extensively with the woman and her family to plan appropriate care. What is the nurses most important role with this patient?
- A. Ensure the patient adheres to all treatments
- B. Provide the patient with advice on alternative treatment options
- C. Provide a detailed plan of activities of daily living (ADLs) for the patient
- D. Help the patient develop strategies to implement treatment regimens
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The most important role of the nurse working with patients with chronic illness is to help patients develop the strategies needed to implement their treatment regimens and carry out activities of daily living. The nurse cannot ensure the patient adheres to all treatments. Providing information of treatment options is not the nurses most important role. The nurse does not provide the patient with a detailed plan of ADLs, though promotion of ADLs is a priority.
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The interface model of disability is being used to plan the care of a patient who is living with the effects of a stroke. Why should the nurse prioritize this model?
- A. It fosters dependency and rapport between the caregiver and the patient.
- B. It encourages the provision of care that is based specifically on the disability.
- C. It promotes interactions with patients focused on the root cause of the disability.
- D. It promotes the idea that patients are capable and responsible.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The interface model promotes the view that people with disabilities are capable, responsible people who are able to function effectively despite having a disability. It does not foster dependency, does not encourage giving care based on the patients disability, and does not encourage or promote interactions with patients that are focused on the cause of the disability.
Research has corroborated an experienced nurses observation that the incidence and prevalence of chronic conditions is increasing in the United States. What health promotion initiative most directly addresses the factor that has been shown to contribute to this increase?
- A. A program to link residents with primary care providers
- B. A community-based weight-loss program
- C. A stress management workshop
- D. A cancer screening campaign
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lifestyle factors, such as smoking, chronic stress, and sedentary lifestyle, that increase the risk of chronic health problems such rhincrease in the incidence of chronic conditions. Obesity is paramount among these, exceeding the significance of lack of access to primary care, inadequate cancer screening, and inadequate personally significant than lack of access to primary care, inadequate cancer screening, and inadequate stress management.
A 39-year-old patient with paraplegia has been admitted to the hospital for the treatment of a sacral ulcer. The nurse is aware that the patient normally lives alone in an apartment and manages his ADLs independently. Before creating the patients plan of care, how should the nurse best identify the level of assistance that the patient will require in the hospital?
- A. Make referrals for assessment to occupational therapy and physical therapy.
- B. Talk with the patient about the type and level of assistance that he desires.
- C. Obtain the patients previous medical record and note what was done during his most recent admission.
- D. Apply a standardized care plan that addresses the needs of a patient with paraplegia.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Patients should be asked preferences about approaches to carrying out their ADLs, and assistive devices they require should be readily available. The other listed actions may be necessary in some cases, but the ultimate resource should be the patient himself.
During their prime employable years between ages 21 and 64, 77% of those with a nonsevere disability are employed. What has research shown about this employed population?
- A. Their salaries are commensurate with their experience.
- B. They enjoy their jobs more than people who do not have disabilities.
- C. Employment rates are higher among people with a disability than those without.
- D. People with disabilities earn less money than people without disabilities.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Employed people with a disability earn less money than people without disabilities. Of those without a disability, 85% are employed as compared to 77% of those with a nonsevere disability. Job satisfaction is not noted to differ.
A community health nurse has drafted a program that will address the health promotion needs of members of the community who live with one or more disabilities. Which of the following areas of health promotion education is known to be neglected among adults with disabilities?
- A. Blood pressure screening
- B. Diabetes testing
- C. Nutrition
- D. Sexual health
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Health promotion interventions addressing sexual health in disabled individuals are necessary but rare. Blood pressure testing, diabetes testing, and nutrition are not known to constitute such a gap in health promotion teaching.