Nokea
A 43-year-old woman with Type-2 diabetes has been taking insulin with meals as well as metformin. Her blood glucose remains poorly controlled. Her doctor prescribes an additional drug, which is an analog of an endogenous peptide that enhances insulin secretion. What drug is this?
- A. Exenatide
- B. Glipizide
- C. Miglitol
- D. Pramlintide
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Exenatide, a GLP-1 analog, enhances insulin secretion in a glucose-dependent manner, aiding type 2 diabetes control.
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Glibenclamide and chlorpropamide:
- A. Are well absorbed in Gl tract
- B. Increase release of endogenic insulin by pancreatic beta cells
- C. Is used as hormone replacement therapy for diabetes mellitus
- D. Is for internal use only
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Glibenclamide and chlorpropamide increase endogenous insulin release from beta cells.
After administering a medication, for what would the nurse assess the patient?
- A. Drug effects
- B. Allergies
- C. Pregnancy
- D. Preexisting conditions
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: After the medication is administered, the nurse assesses the patient for drug effects, both therapeutic and adverse. The nurse would assess the patient for allergies, preexisting conditions, and pregnancy before administering a medication.
Fasting for an extended period can:
- A. Increase drug absorption due to lack of competition between food and the drug
- B. Alter the pH of the gastrointestinal tract, affecting absorption
- C. Cause vasoconstriction, leading to decreased drug absorption
- D. Shrink the stomach, causing decreased surface area for drug absorption
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Fasting increases absorption of some drugs by eliminating food-related delays in gastric emptying and competition for absorption.
A nurse is providing information to a client who has a new prescription for Hydrochlorothiazide. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
- A. Take the medication with food.
- B. Plan to take the medication at bedtime.
- C. Expect increased swelling of the ankles.
- D. Fluid intake should be limited in the morning.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Taking with food reduces GI upset, a standard instruction for hydrochlorothiazide.
A nurse is assessing a pregnant client and learns that the client is addicted to cocaine. The nurse informs the client about the risks of cocaine addiction for her fetus. Which of the following would the nurse include?
- A. The child may be born with diabetes.
- B. The child may be born with hypertension.
- C. The child may be born with an addiction to drugs.
- D. The child may be born with CNS defects.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse informs the client that children born to mothers using addictive drugs are often born with an addiction to the drug. Children born to mothers who are addicted to cocaine are not known to be born with diabetes, CNS defects, or hypertension.