Advanced Pharmacology Test Bank

Advanced Pharmacology Test Bank Related

Review Advanced Pharmacology Test Bank related questions and content

A 48-year-old woman pricks her finger on a rose bush while pruning. A few days later, she develops small, red lesions near the wound and a red track ascending her hand toward her trunk. Her doctor prescribes itraconazole for the sporotrichosis. What is the mechanism of action of this medication?

  • A. Disrupts fungal cell membrane by forming pores (nystatin, amphotericin B)
  • B. Disrupts fungal microtubules (griseofulvin)
  • C. Inhibits conversion of lanosterol to ergosterol
  • D. Inhibits squalene monooxygenase (terbinafine)
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Sporotrichosis, from Sporothrix schenckii, requires antifungals like itraconazole. Option , inhibiting lanosterol to ergosterol conversion, is correct-itraconazole blocks 14-α-demethylase, disrupting fungal membrane synthesis. Option , pore formation, is amphotericin B's mechanism. Option , microtubule disruption, is griseofulvin's. Option , squalene monooxygenase inhibition, is terbinafine's. Option (E), 5-FU conversion, is flucytosine's. Itraconazole's ergosterol inhibition effectively treats this subcutaneous infection, targeting fungal viability.

You may also like to solve these questions

An overwhelmed nursing student asks the instructor whether there are any tips that will make learning pharmacology easier. The instructor gives an example of the anticoagulant heparin. The instructor indicates that knowing heparin and comparing other drugs to it will facilitate learning the many anticoagulants. Which approach is the instructor using?

  • A. Mechanism of action approach
  • B. Generic name approach
  • C. Trade name approach
  • D. Prototype drug approach
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The prototype approach uses a representative drug like heparin to learn a class (anticoagulants), comparing others to its traits-mechanism, effects, side effects-simplifying study. Mechanism of action is narrower. Generic or trade names focus on nomenclature, not learning strategy. Prototype leverages a familiar example, a proven method for mastering drug groups.

The specificity of the adrenergic blocking agents allows the clinician to select a drug to do what?

  • A. Have the desired effect
  • B. Multiply undesired effects
  • C. Increase specificity with higher serum blood levels
  • D. Improving concentration in the body
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: This specificity allows the clinician to select a drug that will have the desired therapeutic effects without the undesired effects that occur when the entire sympathetic nervous system is blocked. In general, however, the specificity of adrenergic blocking agents depends on the concentration of drug in the body. Most specificity is lost with higher serum drug levels. The nurse should understand the importance of drug specificity to ensure safe and effective administration.

A patient with extremely high blood pressure (BP) is in the emergency department. The physician will order therapy with nitroglycerin to manage the patient™s BP. Which form of nitroglycerin is most appropriate?

  • A. Sublingual spray
  • B. Transdermal patch
  • C. Oral capsule
  • D. IV infusion
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In the emergency management of a patient with extremely high blood pressure, intravenous (IV) administration of nitroglycerin is the most appropriate form of delivery. IV infusion provides rapid and precise control of blood pressure by allowing the medication to take effect quickly and be titrated to the desired blood pressure level. This route of administration is crucial in acute settings like the emergency department, where immediate blood pressure management is needed. Other forms of nitroglycerin, such as sublingual spray, transdermal patch, or oral capsule, may not provide the rapid onset of action required in this critical situation.

A patient asks how to apply transdermal nitroglycerin. What is the nurse™s best response?

  • A. Always apply the transdermal patch over the area of your chest where your heart is.
  • B. Keep the previous patch on for 1 full day so you always have two patches on at a tim
  • C. 
  • D. Apply the patch to hairless areas of the body.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Transdermal nitroglycerin patches should be applied to clean, dry, hairless areas of the body to ensure proper absorption of the medication. Hair can interfere with the absorption of the medication through the skin. Commonly recommended areas for application include the chest, upper arm, or abdomen. It is important to rotate application sites to prevent skin irritation and to follow the specific instructions provided by the healthcare provider or pharmacist.

The following are anticoagulants that do not require monitoring of INR:

  • A. Rivaroxaban
  • B. Apixaban
  • C. Dabigatran
  • D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: These are direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), which do not require regular INR monitoring.

Copyright © 2025 Nokea. All rights reserved.