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A public health nurse is managing several projects for the community. Which of the following interventions should the nurse identify as a primary prevention strategy?
- A. Conducting mental health screenings at the local community center
- B. Referring clients who have obesity to community exercise programs
- C. Teaching parenting skills to expectant mothers and their partners
- D. Providing crisis intervention through a mobile counseling unit
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Teaching parenting skills to expectant mothers and their partners. This is a primary prevention strategy because it aims to prevent the occurrence of health issues by promoting positive behaviors and skills before any problems arise. By educating expectant mothers and their partners on parenting skills, the nurse is helping to establish a healthy family environment which can lead to positive health outcomes for both the parents and the child.
Explanation of why the other choices are incorrect:
A: Conducting mental health screenings - This is more of a secondary prevention strategy aimed at early detection and treatment of mental health issues.
B: Referring clients with obesity to exercise programs - This is more of a tertiary prevention strategy focused on managing existing health conditions.
D: Providing crisis intervention - This is a secondary prevention strategy addressing immediate mental health crises but not preventing future issues.
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Which organization publishes and articulates the essentials of public health nursing, including the activities and accountabilities that are characteristics of practice at all levels and settings?
- A. Association of Community Health Nurse Educators (ACHN
- C. American Nurses Association (AN
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: American Nurses Association (ANA). The ANA publishes and articulates the essentials of public health nursing, setting standards and guidelines for practice. It is a reputable organization known for its role in shaping nursing practice. ACHN (Choice A) focuses more on education, not publishing standards. Without additional choices provided, it is difficult to analyze other options.
A nurse is planning a community health program about Parkinson's disease. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include as a tertiary prevention strategy?
- A. Provide daily exercise classes to improve ambulation for clients who have Parkinson's disease.
- B. Provide screenings for community members to identify early manifestations of Parkinson's disease.
- C. Educate clients about common techniques used to diagnose Parkinson's disease.
- D. Educate clients who are at risk for Parkinson's disease about maintaining a low-cholesterol diet.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Provide daily exercise classes to improve ambulation for clients who have Parkinson's disease. Tertiary prevention aims to prevent complications and further deterioration in individuals already diagnosed with a disease. In Parkinson's disease, exercise is crucial to maintain mobility and function. Regular exercise helps improve balance, strength, and coordination, which can slow down the progression of the disease and enhance quality of life. Providing daily exercise classes specifically tailored to individuals with Parkinson's disease aligns with tertiary prevention goals by promoting physical activity and independence.
Choice B is incorrect as it focuses on early identification rather than intervention for those already diagnosed. Choice C is incorrect as educating about diagnostic techniques is more aligned with secondary prevention. Choice D is incorrect as maintaining a low-cholesterol diet is not a specific tertiary prevention strategy for Parkinson's disease.
The partner tells the nurse that she is able to manage the client’s physical care but she doesn’t want to leave him home alone while she travels for work. Which of the following referrals should the nurse make?
- A. Respite care
- B. Promoting healthy lifestyle behavior choices among the community members
- C. Eliciting the health history of a client presenting with an illness
- D. Establishing screening programs to diagnosis diseases as early as possible
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Respite care. Respite care provides temporary relief to the primary caregiver by offering a safe environment for the client while the partner is away. This ensures the client's well-being and safety in the partner's absence. Other choices are incorrect because B focuses on community health, C involves health history assessment, and D pertains to screening programs which are not relevant to the partner's immediate concern of leaving the client home alone.
A nurse manager wants to facilitate incorporation of evidence-based practice (EBP) in the clinical setting. Which of the following would be the best strategy to accomplish this goal?
- A. Eliminate all protocols and standards that are not evidence base
- C. Encourage group reflection on the ideals and expectations of nursing car
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Encourage group reflection on the ideals and expectations of nursing care. This strategy promotes a collaborative approach to understanding and implementing EBP. Group reflection fosters critical thinking, stimulates discussion, and encourages shared decision-making, leading to a deeper understanding and acceptance of EBP within the team. It also promotes a culture of continuous learning and improvement.
Eliminating all protocols not evidence-based (option A) may hinder current practice and create resistance. Without alternatives listed for other choices, it is challenging to provide detailed explanations for their incorrectness.
Select the great public health achievements in the United States in the 20th century. (Select all that apply.)
- A. Elimination of common infectious diseases
- B. Recognition of tobacco as a health hazard
- C. Fluoridation of drinking water
- D. Healthier mothers and babies
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Elimination of common infectious diseases. This achievement significantly improved public health by decreasing morbidity and mortality rates. It was made possible through advancements in vaccination programs, sanitation practices, and public health education. This achievement led to the eradication of diseases like smallpox and the near-elimination of diseases like polio. The other choices are incorrect because although they are also important public health achievements, they do not have the same widespread impact as the elimination of common infectious diseases. Recognizing tobacco as a health hazard (B) led to public health campaigns and regulations but did not have the same broad-reaching impact. Fluoridation of drinking water (C) improved dental health but did not have the same magnitude of impact on overall public health. Healthier mothers and babies (D) is crucial but does not encompass the scope of achievement represented by the elimination of common infectious diseases.