Nokea
A 7-year-old boy fell off a wood pile while playing. He has been admitted to the intensive care unit with multiple broken bones and internal bleeding. What should the nurse know about drug therapy in this type of patient?
- A. Adverse effects may be decreased.
- B. Therapeutic effects may be increased.
- C. Pharmacodynamics may be altered.
- D. Pharmacokinetics remain the same
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Trauma alters pharmacodynamics (drug effects), requiring careful monitoring.
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Most common indication for therapeutic monitoring of plasma levels of a drug is
- A. Hit & run drugs
- B. Drugs with irreversible action
- C. Narrow therapeutic range
- D. Failure of response
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Drugs with a narrow therapeutic range (e.g., digoxin) require monitoring to avoid toxicity.
Patient education regarding the use of ciprofloxacin-hydrocortisone (Cipro HC otic) ear drops includes:
- A. Fill the canal with the drops with each dose
- B. Some redness and itching around the ear canal is normal
- C. Warm the bottle of ear drops in his or her hand before administering
- D. Cipro HC otic may cause ototoxicity
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Warming Cipro HC improves comfort; filling or ototoxicity aren't standard advice.
The nurse, working on the maternity unit, receives a call from a pregnant woman asking how she can know whether a medication is safe to take while pregnant. What is the nurses best response?
- A. You can take any drug indicated as a Category A.
- B. No medications should be taken during pregnancy.
- C. Never take medication until you receive approval from your health care provider.
- D. Most medications are safe but you need to weigh benefit against risk.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The best response to a pregnant woman asking about medication usage is to talk with her obstetric practitioner because the best advice will come from someone who knows their health and pregnancy history. While Category A drugs have no known risk, they may be contraindicated by the woman's health condition or pregnancy issues and many pregnant women would not know what it means to be a Category A drug. Medications can be helpful during pregnancy if taken safely and appropriately. Although risk benefit needs to be weighed, it should occur with advice from the obstetric practitioner.
If an agonist can produce submaximal effects and has moderate efficacy it's called:
- A. Partial agonist
- B. Antagonist
- C. Agonist-antagonist
- D. Full agonist
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A partial agonist produces a submaximal effect even at full receptor occupancy.
When prescribing Adderall (amphetamine and dextroamphetamine) to adults with ADHD the nurse practitioner will need to monitor:
- A. Blood pressure
- B. Blood glucose levels
- C. Urine ketone levels
- D. Liver function
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Adderall increases blood pressure, requiring monitoring.