Nokea
A 73-year-old male patient is being discharged home today. The discharge order reads: Take 10 mL of guaifenesin (Robitussin) with plastic measuring caps. How much should the nurse teach the client to take at home?
- A. 1/2 tsp
- B. 1 tsp
- C. 2 tsp
- D. 1 tbsp
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: 10 mL equals 2 teaspoons (1 tsp = 5 mL), the correct household measure for patient teaching.
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Which of the following best describes the effect of propylthiouracil on thyroid hormone production?
- A. It blocks the release of thyrotropin-releasing hormone
- B. It inhibits uptake of iodide by thyroid cells
- C. It prevents the release of thyroid hormone from thyroglobulin
- D. It blocks iodination and coupling of tyrosines in thyroglobulin to form thyroid hormones
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Propylthiouracil blocks iodination and coupling in thyroglobulin, inhibiting thyroid hormone synthesis.
A nurse is teaching a patient about a new prescription for hydrochlorothiazide. Which statement indicates that the patient understands the teaching?
- A. I should increase my potassium intake.
- B. I may experience swelling in my legs.
- C. I need to monitor my blood sugar levels.
- D. I can take this medication any time of the day.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hydrochlorothiazide can cause hypokalemia; increasing potassium intake shows understanding, unlike swelling (opposite effect) or timing flexibility (best in morning).
A 20-year-old boy suffered from a moderate aspirin toxicity he may be managed by promoting its renal excretion when infused with:
- A. Ascorbid acid
- B. Ammonium chloride
- C. Arginine chloride
- D. Sodium bicarbonate
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sodium bicarbonate alkalinizes urine, enhancing aspirin (a weak acid) excretion.
A nurse is preparing to administer Filgrastim for the first time to a client who has just undergone a bone marrow transplant. Which of the following interventions is appropriate?
- A. Administer IM in a large muscle mass to prevent injury.
- B. Ensure that the treatment of the patient is a non-... (truncated)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Filgrastim is typically given subcutaneously or IV, not IM; the truncated option suggests a typo, but standard practice is assumed.
Antacids such as calcium carbonate (Tums) can reduce the absorption of which of the following nutrients?
- A. Protein
- B. Calcium
- C. Iron
- D. Vitamin K
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Calcium carbonate binds to iron, forming insoluble complexes that reduce iron absorption.