Pediatric Nursing Cardiovascular Disorders

Pediatric Nursing Cardiovascular Disorders Related

Review Pediatric Nursing Cardiovascular Disorders related questions and content

A 9-month-old infant has a grade III/VI, harsh, rumbling, continuous murmur in the left infraclavicular fossa and pulmonic area. A chest radiograph reveals cardiac enlargement. The primary care pediatric nurse practitioner will refer the infant to a pediatric cardiologist and prepare the parents for which intervention to repair this defect?

  • A. Cardiopulmonary bypass surgery
  • B. Coil insertion in the catheterization laboratory
  • C. Indomethacin administration
  • D. Observation for spontaneous closure
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: This murmur is characteristic of a PDA and, because of cardiac enlargement, represents a larger shunt, requiring repair. Infants older than 8 months may have a coil or plug inserted into the shunt in the cardiac catheterization laboratory.

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A father asks why his child with tetralogy of Fallot seems to favor a squatting position. What is the nurse’s best response?

  • A. Squatting increases the return of venous blood back to the heart.
  • B. Squatting decreases arterial blood flow away from the heart.
  • C. Squatting is a common resting position when a child is tachycardic.
  • D. Squatting increases the workload of the heart.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The squatting position allows the child to breathe more easily because systemic venous return is increased.

Which among the following is a systolic event?

  • A. E wave
  • B. L wave
  • C. A wave
  • D. S' wave
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: S' wave is a systolic event observed in echocardiography.

A child can be diagnosed as having Kawasaki disease if he has:

  • A. Fever > 3 days' duration, > 38°C
  • B. Purulent conjunctivitis
  • C. Thrombocytosis
  • D. Polymorphous rash
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Kawasaki disease is characterized by a fever lasting more than 3 days, which is a primary diagnostic criterion.

The nurse reviews the laboratory results for a child with a suspected diagnosis of rheumatic fever. The nurse knows that which laboratory study would assist in confirming the diagnosis?

  • A. Immunoglobulin
  • B. Red blood cell count
  • C. White blood cell count
  • D. Anti-streptolysin O titer
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The Anti-streptolysin O titer is used to confirm a diagnosis of rheumatic fever as it indicates a recent streptococcal infection, which is a precursor to rheumatic fever.

A client with pheochromocytoma reports the onset of a severe headache. The nurse observes that the client is very diaphoretic. Which assessment data should the nurse obtain next?

  • A. Blood pressure
  • B. Blood glucose level
  • C. Respiratory rate
  • D. Oxygen saturation
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Pheochromocytoma can lead to hypertension, which may be responsible for the client’s symptoms. Monitoring blood pressure is crucial to assess for potential hypertensive crisis.

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