Nokea
A circumscribed swelling on the newborn’s scalp is indicative of
- A. Caput succedaneum
- B. Subgaleal hemorrhage
- C. Intracranial injury
- D. Neonatal cephalhematoma
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Neonatal cephalhematoma is a circumscribed swelling on the newborn’s scalp due to pressure during delivery.
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Dwarfism is associated with
- A. Polydactylism
- B. Achondroplasia
- C. Syndactylism
- D. Talipes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dwarfism is typically associated with achondroplasia, a genetic disorder affecting bone growth.
Mechanism of labour in left Sacro-anterior position (breech):
- A. Flexion, internal rotation, extension, external rotation
- B. Descent, engagement, flexion, internal rotation
- C. Flexion, external rotation, descent, expulsion
- D. Extension, flexion, engagement, delivery
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The mechanism includes flexion, internal rotation, and extension of the breech baby.
The AGACNP knows that when managing a patient with acute cardiogenic shock after myocardial infarction, all of the following pharmacologic agents may be used except
- A. Opioids
- B. Diuretics
- C. Beta-adrenergic antagonists
- D. Anticholinergics
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Anticholinergics are not typically used in the management of acute cardiogenic shock after myocardial infarction. Anticholinergic medications may worsen tachycardia and exacerbate myocardial ischemia by increasing heart rate and myocardial oxygen demand. Therefore, the AGACNP should avoid using anticholinergics in this patient population.
The AGACNP knows that which of the following must be evaluated as a cause of her abdominal pain?
- A. HELLP syndrome
- B. Placental abruption
- C. Spontaneous hepatic rupture
- D. Preterm labor
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Abdominal pain in pregnancy can be caused by various conditions, but spontaneous hepatic rupture is a rare but life-threatening cause that must be ruled out. Spontaneous hepatic rupture, also known as liver rupture, can occur in pregnancy, though it is extremely rare. It is associated with severe abdominal pain, hypovolemic shock, and can lead to significant maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Therefore, the AGACNP should evaluate this possibility when assessing a pregnant patient with abdominal pain to provide timely and appropriate management.HELLP syndrome, placental abruption, and preterm labor are important considerations in the differential diagnosis of abdominal pain in pregnancy but are not specific to the life-threatening nature of spontaneous hepatic rupture.
What is the role of antenatal corticosteroids in preterm labor?
- A. Reduce the risk of infection
- B. Accelerate fetal lung maturity
- C. Increase blood volume
- D. Promote fetal brain development
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Corticosteroids accelerate fetal lung maturity to reduce the risk of respiratory distress syndrome.