Nokea
A client comes to the emergency department and tells the nurse, 'I've been hiccoughing constantly for the past 6 or 7 hours and nothing I do to stop them seems to work.' The nurse would expect the primary health care provider to prescribe which of the following?
- A. Prochlorperazine
- B. Chlorpromazine
- C. Haloperidol
- D. Olanzapine
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chlorpromazine may be used to treat uncontrolled hiccoughs. Prochlorperazine may be used as an antiemetic. Haloperidol and olanzapine are not indicated for uncontrolled hiccoughs.
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Antipsychotic therapy with a conventional antipsychotic has been started for a client with schizophrenia. Assessment reveals that the client is experiencing drowsiness that is affecting his ability to function. The nurse notes that the client needs assistance with his activities of daily living and ambulating. Which nursing diagnosis would the nurse most likely identify?
- A. Risk for Infection
- B. Risk for Unstable Blood Glucose Level
- C. Risk for Injury
- D. Impaired Physical Mobility
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Antipsychotic drugs may cause extreme drowsiness and sedation, especially during the first or second weeks of therapy. This reaction may impair mental or physical abilities. The patient may need assistance with activities of daily living due to the experience of extreme sedation. This includes cueing or help with eating, dressing, and ambulating. Therefore, Risk for Injury would be most appropriate. Risk for Infection would be appropriate if the client was receiving clozapine. Risk for Unstable Blood Glucose Level would be appropriate if the client was receiving an atypical antipsychotic due to the increased risk for weight gain and subsequent development of diabetes. Impaired Physical Mobility would be appropriate if the client was experiencing EPS or TD.
When administering antipsychotic drugs, the nurse would need to keep in mind that which of the following atypical antipsychotics are most commonly associated with weight gain? Select all that apply.
- A. Olanzapine (Zyprexa)
- B. Rispendone (Risperdal)
- C. Ziprasidone (Geodon)
- D. Quetiapine (Seroquel)
- E. Clozapine (Clozaril)
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: Olanzapine (Zyprexa) and risperidone (Risperdal) are atypical antipsychotics that are most commonly associated with weight gain. None of the other drugs are associated with weight gain.
A nurse should be able to differentiate between the typical and atypical antipsychotics. Which of the following would the nurse identify as an atypical antipsychotic? Select all that apply.
- A. Lithium (Eskalith)
- B. Aripiprazole (Abilify)
- C. Chlorpromazine (Thorazine)
- D. Prochlorperazine (Compazine)
- E. Clozapine (Clozaril)
Correct Answer: B,E
Rationale: Aripiprazole (Abilify) and clozapine (Clozaril) are classified as atypical antipsychotics.
A nurse is required to administer an antipsychotic agent parenterally. After administering the drug, the nurse would ensure that the client remains lying down for which time frame?
- A. 15 minutes
- B. 30 minutes
- C. 45 minutes
- D. 60 minutes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: After administering an antipsychotic agent parenterally, the nurse would ensure that the client remains lying down for about 30 minutes.
Before administering a prescribed antipsychotic drug to a client, the nurse observes the client for any behavior patterns that appear to be deviations from normal. Which of the following would the nurse identify as a deviation? Select all that apply.
- A. Poor eye contact
- B. Monotone speech pattern
- C. Inappropriate laughter
- D. Failure to answer questions completely
- E. Inappropriate crying
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale: Examples of deviation from normal include poor eye contact, failure to answer questions completely, inappropriate answers to questions, a monotone speech pattern, and inappropriate laughter, sadness, or crying.