Nokea
The nurse is providing care to an older adult who is receiving antipsychotic therapy. The primary health care provider prescribes an oral liquid concentrate. When administering the drug, the nurse would mix the drug with which of the following? Select all that apply.
- A. Fruit juice
- B. Milk
- C. Pudding
- D. Soup
- E. Green leafy vegetables
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: Oral liquid concentrates are available for patients who can more easily swallow a liquid. To aid in administration to debilitated or elderly patients, oral drugs can be mixed in liquids such as fruit juices, tomato juice, milk, or carbonated beverages. Semisolid foods, such as soups or puddings, may also be used. Green leafy vegetables would be an inappropriate choice based on the usual texture of the food and the inability to mix the drug solution with the food.
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After administering an antipsychotic to a client, the nurse would immediately report which of the following?
- A. Orthostatic hypotension
- B. Dry mouth
- C. Rigidity
- D. Drowsiness
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse should immediately report to the primary health care provider if the client displays signs of rigidity. Dry mouth, episodes of orthostatic hypotension, and drowsiness are reactions that are considered normal during drug therapy and need not be reported unless severe.
A client with schizophrenia is prescribed antipsychotic therapy. When developing the plan of care for the client, the nurse integrates understanding that the client is at risk for extrapyramidal syndrome. The nurse would expect to assess the client for this adverse reaction at which time?
- A. Once a week
- B. At the initiation of therapy
- C. When the dose is reduced
- D. Every 3 months
- E. When the dose is increased
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: The nurse should assess for EPS during initial therapy and whenever the dosage is increased or decreased.
A nurse would assess a client treated with an antipsychotic medication for which of the following behaviors if the antipsychotic medication was stopped? Select all that apply.
- A. Hallucinations
- B. Anhedonia
- C. Delusions
- D. Dystonia
- E. Flattened affect
Correct Answer: A,B,C,E
Rationale: Antipsychotic medications help control symptoms associated with psychotic disorders such as hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech, behavior disturbances, social withdrawal, flattened affect, and anhedonia. Dystonia would be noted as an adverse reaction with antipsychotic drugs.
When assessing a client receiving antipsychotic drugs, the nurse would suspect that the client is experiencing extrapyramidal syndrome (EPS) based on assessment of which of the following? Select all that apply.
- A. Fine tremor
- B. Hypotension
- C. Akathisia
- D. Anhedonia
- E. Dystonia
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: The signs of EPS include fine tremors, muscle rigidity, mask-like appearance of the face, slowness of movement, slurred speech, unsteady gait, akathisia, and dystonia. Anhedonia is a manifestation of schizophrenia.
A nurse is administering haloperidol to a client with schizophrenia. The nurse determines that the drug is effective when there is improvement in which of the following? Select all that apply.
- A. Agitation
- B. Alogia
- C. Concrete thinking
- D. Delusions
- E. Hallucinations
Correct Answer: A,D,E
Rationale: Haloperidol is a conventional antipsychotic that is used to control the positive symptoms of schizophrenia, such as agitation, delusions, and hallucinations. Effectiveness of the drug would lead to a decrease in these positive symptoms. Atypical antipsychotics help to diminish the negative symptoms such as alogia and problems with concrete thinking.