Nokea
A client has a new prescription for verapamil. Which of the following beverages should the client avoid while taking this medication?
- A. Orange juice
- B. Coffee
- C. Milk
- D. Grapefruit juice
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Grapefruit juice should be avoided while taking verapamil as it can increase drug levels and the risk of side effects. The interaction between grapefruit juice and verapamil can lead to higher concentrations of the medication in the bloodstream, potentially causing adverse effects. Orange juice, coffee, and milk do not have significant interactions with verapamil. Therefore, it is crucial for the client to avoid grapefruit juice to ensure the safe and effective use of verapamil.
You may also like to solve these questions
The healthcare provider is monitoring a client following cardioversion. Which observation should be of the highest priority to the healthcare provider?
- A. Blood pressure
- B. Status of airway
- C. Oxygen flow rate
- D. Level of consciousness
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The status of the airway is the highest priority following cardioversion as it ensures proper oxygenation and helps prevent complications such as airway obstruction and respiratory distress. Maintaining a patent airway is crucial for the client's respiratory function and overall well-being immediately after cardioversion. Monitoring the airway ensures that the client can breathe effectively and minimizes the risk of hypoxia and other serious respiratory issues. While blood pressure, oxygen flow rate, and level of consciousness are also important parameters to monitor, they are secondary to ensuring a clear and patent airway for adequate oxygenation.
A CNM:
- A. may treat only women.
- B. has prescriptive authority in all 50 states.
- C. may administer only drugs used during labor and delivery.
- D. may practice only in birthing centers and home birth settings.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because CNMs have prescriptive authority in all 50 states. Choice A is incorrect as they can treat partners for STDs. Choice C is wrong since their authority isn’t limited to labor drugs. Choice D is inaccurate as they practice in various settings.
Drugs that use CYP 3A4 isoenzymes for metabolism may:
- A. Induce the metabolism of another drug
- B. Inhibit the metabolism of another drug
- C. Both 1 and 2
- D. Neither 1 nor 2
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Choice C is correct because CYP 3A4 drugs can induce (speed up) or inhibit (slow down) metabolism of other drugs sharing this pathway, affecting their levels and efficacy. Choice A is incorrect as it's only half the story—induction happens, but inhibition does too. Choice B is wrong because it misses induction potential. Choice D is incorrect since both effects are well-documented with CYP 3A4.
What should be the nurse's priority action when a client diagnosed with angina pectoris complains of chest pain while taking a brisk walk?
- A. Administer nitroglycerin
- B. Have the client sit down
- C. Obtain an electrocardiogram
- D. Apply oxygen
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse's priority action when a client diagnosed with angina pectoris complains of chest pain while taking a brisk walk is to have the client sit down. Sitting down reduces the workload on the heart and may alleviate pain by improving oxygen supply. This action aims to reduce the strain on the heart and improve oxygen delivery to the myocardium, which can help relieve the symptoms of angina pectoris. Administering nitroglycerin could be the next step after having the client sit down if the pain persists. Obtaining an electrocardiogram and applying oxygen are not the immediate priority actions when dealing with angina pectoris symptoms.
Immunomodulators such as azathioprine may cause a delayed adverse drug reaction known as a type D reaction because they are known:
- A. Teratogens
- B. Carcinogens
- C. To cause hypersensitivity reactions
- D. Hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis suppressants
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Choice B is correct because azathioprine's type D ADR (delayed) relates to its carcinogenic potential, like leukemia, emerging years after use. Choice A is incorrect as teratogenicity is a separate risk, not type D's focus. Choice C is wrong because hypersensitivity is type B, not delayed. Choice D is incorrect since it suppresses immunity, not the HPA axis directly.