Nokea
A client has been receiving chemotherapy to treat cancer. Which assessment finding suggests that the client has developed stomatitis (inflammation of the mouth)?
- A. White, cottage cheese-like patches on the
- B. Red, open sores on the oral mucosa
- C. Rust-colored sputum
- D. Yellow tooth discoloration
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Stomatitis is a common side effect of chemotherapy characterized by inflammation and irritation of the mucous membranes in the mouth. This can present as red, painful sores or ulcers on the oral mucosa. The presence of red, open sores in the mouth is indicative of stomatitis and warrants assessment and intervention to manage discomfort and prevent infection in the oral cavity. The other options are not typically associated with stomatitis in the context of chemotherapy.
You may also like to solve these questions
The MOST appropriate answer to why infants cry in response to another infant's cry is
- A. an early sign of empathy development
- B. a sign of good hearing reflex
- C. a startle reflex
- D. an early sign of fear development
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Empathy begins developing early, though rudimentary.
During examination of a toddler's extremities, the nurse notes that the child is bowlegged. What should the nurse recognize regarding this finding?
- A. Abnormal and requires further investigation
- B. Abnormal unless it occurs in conjunction with knock-knee
- C. Normal if the condition is unilateral or asymmetric
- D. Normal because the lower back and leg muscles are not yet well developed
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bowlegged appearance in a toddler is not considered normal and should prompt further investigation by a healthcare provider. Bowlegs, also known as genu varum, can be caused by various underlying conditions such as vitamin D deficiency, rickets, or genetic factors. It is important to determine the cause of bowleggedness in order to provide appropriate treatment or interventions to promote proper development of the child's legs. Bowleggedness on its own is not considered a normal variation in toddler development and warrants further assessment.
A child with a Wilms tumor is scheduled for surgery. Which best describes the procedure?
- A. Only the affected kidney will be removed.
- B. Both kidneys will be removed.
- C. Only the tumor mass will be excised.
- D. The tumor is removed, and a biopsy of the unaffected kidney is done.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The standard treatment for Wilms tumor is a nephrectomy of the affected kidney while preserving the other kidney.
The physical abuse of children affects children of all ages. Serious injuries, such as head or abdominal trauma, are more likely to be inflicted by
- A. mothers
- B. fathers
- C. old brothers
- D. grand mothers
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fathers and male caregivers are statistically more likely to inflict serious physical abuse, including head and abdominal trauma, due to greater physical strength and aggression.
The nurse should include in the patient's teaching plan that if the patient does not take the vitamin B12, which one of the following will develop?
- A. Iron deficiency anemia
- B. Sickle cell anemia
- C. Pernicious anemia
- D. Acquired haemolytic anemia
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pernicious anemia is a condition caused by a deficiency in vitamin B12 absorption due to the lack of intrinsic factor, a protein necessary for B12 absorption in the gastrointestinal tract. If a patient does not take vitamin B12, they can develop pernicious anemia. This condition leads to the inability to produce enough healthy red blood cells, resulting in anemia. Symptoms of pernicious anemia include fatigue, weakness, shortness of breath, and pale or yellowish skin. It is important for patients to take vitamin B12 supplements or receive injections if they are unable to absorb the vitamin properly in order to prevent or treat pernicious anemia.