Nokea
A client has been receiving treatment with antineoplastic drugs that depress the bone marrow. Which preadministration assessment would be most important for the nurse to complete with respect to this effect?
- A. Evaluating the emotional response to the disease
- B. Obtaining a complete blood count
- C. Checking fluid intake and output
- D. Evaluating the client's understanding of therapy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse should perform a complete blood count to provide baseline data for future reference. Emotional response to the disease, client understanding of therapy, and fluid intake and output are preadministration assessments not pertaining to the depressing effect of the bone marrow.
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A nurse is discussing the possible adverse reactions that may occur with antineoplastic therapy. Which of the following would the nurse discuss as examples of long-term adverse reactions?
- A. Fertility problems
- B. Thrombocytopenia
- C. Leukopenia
- D. Stomatitis
- E. Cardiotoxicity
Correct Answer: A,E
Rationale: Fertility problems, cardiotoxicity, pulmonary toxicity, and neurologic problems are examples of long-term reactions to an antineoplastic drug that the nurse should discuss with the client prior to drug administration. Thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, and stomatitis are more immediate adverse reactions.
A client has been prescribed melphalan for the treatment of an ovarian tumor. The client wants to know how the drug acts. Which of the following would the nurse integrate into the response?
- A. Increased acidity of the cell environment
- B. Change to a more alkaline cell environment
- C. Neutralization of the alkalinity of the cell environment
- D. Change in the cell to a neutral environment
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse should explain to the client that the alkylating agent changes the cell to a more alkaline environment, which in turn damages malignant cells, which are more susceptible to the effects of the alkylating drugs. Alkylating drugs do not increase the acidity of the cell environment, neutralize the alkalinity of the cell environment, or change the cell to a neutral environment.
A nurse should monitor a client closely for signs of worsening atrial fibrillation when which of the following antineoplastic drugs are used concomitantly with digoxin (Lanoxin)?
- A. Mercaptopurine (Purinethol)
- B. Busulfan (Busulfex)
- C. Thiotepa (Thioplex)
- D. Doxorubicin (Doxil)
- E. Irinotecan (Camptosar)
Correct Answer: A,D,E
Rationale: Plant alkaloids (irinotecan), antimetabolites (mercaptopurine), and antineoplastic antibiotics (doxorubicin) can decrease serum digoxin (Lanoxin) levels and result in worsening atrial fibrillation.
If the nurse has to clean up a spill of antineoplastic drug, which of the following personal protective equipment should be worn?
- A. Gloyes
- B. Safety goggles
- C. Gown
- D. Chemical spill boots
- E. NIOSH-approved respirator
Correct Answer: A,B,C,E
Rationale: A nurse should wear a gown, safety goggles, gloves, and a NIOSH-approved respirator when cleaning up a spill of an antineoplastic drug.
A client visits the health care facility for information on cancer. The client asks the nurse if regular consumption of green tea can cause harm. Which of the following should the nurse inform the client as possible effects of green tea?
- A. Dental caries
- B. Damage to heart
- C. Insomnia
- D. Damage to liver
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse should inform the client that green tea can cause insomnia because it contains caffeine. Green tea is known to improve dental health and maintain health of the heart and liver.