Nokea
A client is asking the nurse questions about the diagnosis of endometriosis. The nurse teaches the client that endometrial tissue is found outside the uterus and that the major symptom that a client experiences is which of the following?
- A. Pain
- B. Infection
- C. Minimal bleeding
- D. Cramping
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pain is the primary symptom associated with endometriosis.
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Maintaining adequate nutrition for the patient during chemotherapy is often problematic because of nausea, vomiting, and anorexia. Which of the following nursing measures would be most effective in combating nutritional depletion?
- A. Reduce food intake and increase fluids during the 4 days following chemotherapy to lessen nausea
- B. If leukopenia occurs, adjust the diet to high-caloric, low-protein
- C. Weigh the patient three times a week
- D. Offer snack supplements, and frequent small feedings
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Frequent small feedings and snacks help maintain nutrition despite nausea and anorexia.
Which vitamin is essential for bone formation?
- A. A
- B. D
- C. B
- D. K
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Vitamin D. Vitamin D is essential for bone formation as it helps the body absorb calcium, a key mineral for bone health. Without sufficient vitamin D, the body cannot effectively utilize calcium, leading to weakened bones. Vitamin A (Choice A) is important for vision and immune function, not specifically bone formation. Vitamin C (Choice C) is crucial for collagen synthesis but not directly involved in bone formation. Vitamin K (Choice D) plays a role in blood clotting and bone mineralization but is not as directly linked to bone formation as Vitamin D.
A 22 year old male presents in your clinic, c/o pain in his testicle and penis. The pain began last night and has steadily become worse. He hurts when he urinates. He has not attempted intercourse since the pain began. He has tried Tylenol and Ibuprofen without improvement. Denies fever or night sweats. He has had 4 previous sexual partners and has had a new partner for the last month. She is using oral contraceptives and they do not use a condom. On exam, you see a young man lying on his side, mildly ill. His temp is 100.2. There are no visible lesions on the penis, or discharge from the meatus. The scrotum appears normal. Palpation of the testes reveals severe tenderness at the superior pole of the normal-sized left testicle. He also has tenderness when you palpate the structures superior to the testicle through the scrotal wall. The right testicle is unremarkable. An examining finger is placed through each inguinal ring without bulges noted with bearing down. Urine analysis shows WBCs and bacteria. What diagnosis of the male genitalia is most likely?
- A. Acute orchitis
- B. Acute epididymitis
- C. Torsion of the spermatic cord
- D. Prostatitis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Acute epididymitis. The patient's symptoms of pain in the testicle and penis, worsened pain with urination, and presence of WBCs and bacteria in the urine analysis are indicative of an infection. The severe tenderness at the superior pole of the left testicle and tenderness on palpation of structures superior to the testicle through the scrotal wall suggest involvement of the epididymis. The risk factors of multiple sexual partners and recent unprotected intercourse also support the diagnosis of epididymitis, which is commonly caused by sexually transmitted infections. Acute orchitis (choice A) typically presents with swelling and tenderness of the entire testicle, not just the epididymis. Torsion of the spermatic cord (choice C) presents with sudden onset severe testicular pain and may have a high-riding testicle. Prostatitis (choice D) presents with symptoms related to the prostate gland, such as pelvic
Which of the following nursing interventions are advised for clients with prostate cancer to avoid an infection related to the home-care of a Foley catheter?
- A. Boil the leg bag regularly in a solution of hot water and vinegar for 15 minutes during the cleaning.
- B. Disinfect several inches of the catheter with alcohol or any other antiseptic agent before the insertion.
- C. Clean the leg bag by using soap and water and then rinse it with a 1:7 solution of vinegar and water.
- D. Open the connections between the leg bag and the catheter only once in 15 days to reduce the risks of microbial entry.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Proper cleaning and maintenance of the catheter equipment are crucial to preventing infections.
Where does the epididymis direct sperm cells into?
- A. vas efferens
- B. vas deferens
- C. rete testis
- D. prostate gland
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The epididymis directs sperm cells into the vas deferens. Sperm mature in the epididymis and are stored there until ejaculation. The vas deferens then carries the mature sperm from the epididymis to the urethra for ejaculation. The other choices are incorrect because the vas efferens carries sperm from the rete testis to the epididymis, the rete testis is a network of tubules where sperm is collected from the seminiferous tubules, and the prostate gland secretes fluids that contribute to semen but does not direct sperm flow.