Nokea
A patient tells the nurse that he has been informed he has internal hemorrhoids and asks whether there are different types of hemorrhoids. What is the nurse’s most appropriate response?
- A. Internal hemorrhoids are usually seen outside the anus and appear blue.
- B. Sometimes patients have other diseases, such as anal warts, that may be mistaken for internal hemorrhoids.
- C. Internal hemorrhoids are found higher in the rectum and usually can’t be felt unless they are infected or prolapsed.
- D. Both internal and external hemorrhoids arise from the same general area and produce the same kinds of symptoms.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why choice C is correct:
1. Internal hemorrhoids are located higher in the rectum, typically above the dentate line.
2. They are not usually palpable unless they are prolapsed or thrombosed.
3. This differentiates them from external hemorrhoids, which are located below the dentate line and are often palpable.
4. Choice C accurately describes the typical characteristics of internal hemorrhoids.
5. Choices A, B, and D provide inaccurate information regarding the location, appearance, and characteristics of internal hemorrhoids, making them incorrect.
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The hormone that works with estrogen to prepare the endometrium for implantation of a fertilized egg is
- A. LH
- B. FSH
- C. ADH
- D. progesterone
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Progesterone is the correct answer because it is the hormone that works with estrogen to prepare the endometrium for implantation of a fertilized egg. Progesterone helps thicken the endometrium, creating a favorable environment for implantation. LH and FSH are involved in ovulation and follicle development, not endometrial preparation. ADH is antidiuretic hormone, which regulates water balance in the body, not related to endometrial preparation.
A client is asking the nurse questions about the diagnosis of endometriosis. The nurse teaches the client that endometrial tissue is found outside the uterus and that the major symptom that a client experiences is which of the following?
- A. Pain
- B. Infection
- C. Minimal bleeding
- D. Cramping
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pain is the primary symptom associated with endometriosis.
The medical term expressing suture of the neck of the uterus is __________
- A. cervicography
- B. perineorrhaphy
- C. cervicorrhapy
- D. cervicorrhexis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: cervicorrhaphy. "Cervico-" refers to the neck of the uterus, and "-rrhaphy" means suture. Therefore, cervicorrhaphy is the correct term for the procedure of suturing the neck of the uterus.
A: Cervicography is a diagnostic imaging technique, not a procedure for suturing.
B: Perineorrhaphy involves suturing the perineum, not the neck of the uterus.
D: Cervicorrhexis refers to cutting or incising the neck of the uterus, not suturing it.
Parenchymal tissue of the testes is
- A. Interstitial cells of Leydig
- B. Seminiferous tubules
- C. Spermatozoon
- D. Semen
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Seminiferous tubules. These are the structures within the testes where sperm production occurs. This is the main function of testicular parenchymal tissue. Interstitial cells of Leydig (A) produce testosterone, spermatozoon (C) is a mature sperm cell, and semen (D) is a fluid that contains sperm and other substances. These choices are incorrect as they do not specifically represent the parenchymal tissue of the testes where sperm production takes place.
Foetal portion of placenta includes
- A. Decidua parietalis
- B. Chorion frondosum
- C. Decidua basalis
- D. Anchoring villi
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Chorion frondosum. The foetal portion of the placenta is formed by the chorion frondosum, which consists of the chorionic villi that develop from the trophoblast. These villi are involved in the exchange of nutrients and waste products between the mother and the foetus.
A: Decidua parietalis is the maternal portion of the placenta, not the foetal portion.
C: Decidua basalis is also part of the maternal portion, not the foetal portion.
D: Anchoring villi are structures that help anchor the placenta to the uterine wall, but they are not specific to the foetal portion.
In summary, the correct answer is B because the chorion frondosum is specifically responsible for the foetal part of the placenta, while the other choices refer to maternal components or structures not directly related to the foetal portion.