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A client is found to be allergic to Chinese food, which causes acute asthma. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give the client?
- A. "Only eat Chinese food once a month."
- B. "Use your inhalers before eating Chinese food."
- C. "Avoid Chinese food because this is a trigger for you."
- D. "Determine other causes, because Chinese food wouldn't cause such a violent reaction."
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: Choice C is correct because avoiding Chinese food, a known trigger for the client's acute asthma, is crucial to prevent future asthma attacks. By eliminating the trigger, the client can reduce the risk of allergic reactions and asthma exacerbations.
Summary:
A: Incorrect. Eating Chinese food once a month still exposes the client to the trigger, increasing the risk of asthma attacks.
B: Incorrect. Using inhalers before eating Chinese food may help manage symptoms temporarily but does not address the root cause of the allergic reaction.
D: Incorrect. Dismissing the client's known trigger without further investigation can lead to serious health consequences.
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Higher brain centers that alter the activity of the respiratory centers include all of the following except
- A. cortical association areas
- B. the precentral motor gyrus
- C. the limbic system
- D. the hypothalamus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: the precentral motor gyrus. This area is primarily responsible for voluntary motor control, not for altering the activity of respiratory centers. Cortical association areas (A), the limbic system (C), and the hypothalamus (D) can influence respiratory centers through emotional responses, autonomic control, and regulation of breathing patterns, respectively. The precentral motor gyrus is not directly involved in modifying respiratory activity.
The lower respiratory tract is consist except
- A. Nose
- B. bronchioleg
- C. Trachea
- D. both b and c
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Nose. The lower respiratory tract includes the trachea, bronchioles, and lungs, but not the nose. The nose is a part of the upper respiratory tract, responsible for filtering, humidifying, and warming inhaled air. The trachea and bronchioles are part of the lower respiratory tract, involved in the passage of air into the lungs for gas exchange. Therefore, the nose does not belong to the lower respiratory tract, making it the correct answer. Choices B and C (bronchioles and trachea) are incorrect as they are part of the lower respiratory tract. Choice D is incorrect because both the bronchioles and trachea are part of the lower respiratory tract.
Which intervention for airway management should you delegate to the nursing assistant?
- A. Assist client to sit up on side of bed.
- B. Instruct client to cough effectively.
- C. Teach client to use incentive spirometry.
- D. Auscultate breath sounds every 4 hours.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Assisting the client to sit up is a basic intervention suitable for a nursing assistant. Instructing effective coughing (B) and teaching incentive spirometry (C) require more skill. Auscultating breath sounds (D) is outside the scope of practice for a nursing assistant.
A nurse is assessing a client who has suffered a nasal fracture. Which assessment would the nurse perform first?
- A. Facial pain
- B. Vital signs
- C. Bone displacement
- D. Airway patency
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Airway patency. Ensuring airway patency is the top priority in any client assessment, especially in cases of facial trauma like a nasal fracture. This is because compromised airway can lead to respiratory distress or failure. Assessing airway patency should always be the first step to ensure the client's ability to breathe.
Facial pain (A) may be important but does not address immediate life-threatening concerns. Vital signs (B) are important but assessing airway patency takes precedence for client safety. Bone displacement (C) is relevant but does not address the immediate need to maintain airway patency.
BCG vaccine is used to curb
- A. Pneumonia
- B. Tuberculosis
- C. Emphysema
- D. Small pox
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Tuberculosis. BCG vaccine is specifically designed to prevent tuberculosis, which is a bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The vaccine stimulates the immune system to provide protection against TB. Pneumonia (A), Emphysema (C), and Smallpox (D) are not targeted by the BCG vaccine. Pneumonia is usually caused by viruses or bacteria different from TB, Emphysema is a chronic lung condition unrelated to TB, and Smallpox is caused by the Variola virus, which is different from the bacteria causing TB. Therefore, the correct answer is B as BCG vaccine is used to curb tuberculosis.