A client is learning how to maintain optimum bladder function. Which of the following strategies identifies the method of pressing on the bladder while seated on the toilet?
- A. Valsalva maneuver
- B. Kegel maneuver
- C. Pelvic floor maneuver
- D. Crede's maneuver
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Crede's maneuver involves applying manual pressure to the bladder to aid in voiding.
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Morphology of fibrocytic disease:
- A. Apocrine metaplasia
- B. Proliferation of ductules
- C. Epithelial hyperplasia
- D. Giant cell
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Epithelial hyperplasia. Fibrocytic disease involves nonproliferative and proliferative fibrocystic changes in the breast tissue. Epithelial hyperplasia is a common proliferative change seen in fibrocystic disease, characterized by increased number of epithelial cells in the ducts and lobules. Apocrine metaplasia, choice A, is another common change in fibrocystic disease but is not specific to morphology. Proliferation of ductules, choice B, is not a characteristic feature of fibrocystic disease. Giant cells, choice D, are not typically associated with fibrocystic changes.
Which of these is not a function of testosterone?
- A. loss of body hair
- B. thickening of the larynx
- C. anabolism of skeletal muscle
- D. thickening of bones
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, loss of body hair. Testosterone is responsible for thickening of the larynx, anabolism of skeletal muscle, and thickening of bones. It promotes growth and development of male secondary sexual characteristics, such as increased body hair. Therefore, loss of body hair is not a function of testosterone. Choice B, thickening of the larynx, is correct because testosterone contributes to the deepening of the voice by thickening the vocal cords. Choice C, anabolism of skeletal muscle, is correct as testosterone enhances protein synthesis in muscles, leading to muscle growth. Choice D, thickening of bones, is correct because testosterone promotes bone growth and mineralization.
The female genitive ducts include the following structures:
- A. uterus;
- B. vulva;
- C. vagina;
- D. ovary
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: ovary. The female genitive ducts refer to the structures involved in the production, transport, and release of eggs. The ovary is the primary organ responsible for producing eggs. The uterus, vulva, and vagina are not directly involved in egg production but rather in the reception, nurturing, and passage of the egg. Therefore, the ovary is the correct choice as it is a key structure in the female reproductive system responsible for egg production.
When assessing a client with cervical cancer who had a total abdominal hysterectomy yesterday, you obtain the following data. Which information has the most immediate implications for planning the client's care?
- A. Fine crackles are audible at the lung bases.
- B. Client's right calf is swollen and tender.
- C. Client is using the PCA every 15 minutes.
- D. Urine in the collection bag is amber and clear.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Swelling and tenderness in the calf suggest deep vein thrombosis, a serious complication requiring immediate attention.
About the vascularization of the uterus we can state the following:
- A. the arteries branch off the common iliac artery;
- B. the arteries are branches off the abdominal aorta;
- C. the veins open in the inferior vena cava;
- D. the arteries are branches off the internal iliac artery;
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the arteries supplying the uterus arise from the abdominal aorta. The uterine arteries branch off the anterior division of the internal iliac artery, which itself arises from the posterior division of the internal iliac artery. This vascular supply ensures that the uterus receives oxygenated blood rich in nutrients necessary for its proper function.
Choice A is incorrect because the common iliac artery does not directly supply blood to the uterus. Choice C is incorrect because the veins draining the uterus ultimately empty into the internal iliac veins, which then drain into the common iliac veins and not directly into the inferior vena cava. Choice D is incorrect because while the uterine arteries are indeed branches off the internal iliac artery, the internal iliac artery itself arises from the common iliac artery and not directly from the abdominal aorta.