Nokea
A client is receiving antiretroviral therapy. Which adverse reactions would the nurse include in the teaching plan for this client? Select all that apply.
- A. Altered taste
- B. Peripheral numbness
- C. Oral candidiasis
- D. Rash
- E. Fever
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: Adverse reactions associated with antiretroviral drugs are nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, altered taste, headache, fever, chills, rash, and numbness and tingling in the circumoral area or peripherally or both. Oral candidiasis is not associated with antiretroviral therapy.
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The nurse is preparing to administer an antiviral drug to a client. Which of the following would the nurse include in the preadministration assessment? Select all that apply.
- A. Client's general state of health
- B. Blood glucose levels
- C. Resistance to infection
- D. Electrocardiogram findings
- E. Vital signs
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: The nurse's preadministration assessment of the client prior to administration of antiviral drugs should include determination of the client's general state of health and resistance to infection, record of client's symptoms and complaints, and record of vital signs. Blood glucose levels and electrocardiogram findings are not needed.
Clients receiving antiretroviral drugs for HIV infection may continue to contract opportunistic infections. The nurse would be alert for which of the following when assessing the client during therapy? Select all that apply.
- A. Fever.
- B. Malaise
- C. Sore throat
- D. Lethargy
- E. Hypotension
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: The nurse's ongoing assessment of HIV-positive clients should include close monitoring for signs of infection such as fever, malaise, sore throat, or lethargy.
An HIV-positive patient is being treated with didanosine as part of the antiretroviral therapy. When assessing the patient, the nurse would immediately report which of the following to the primary health care provider?
- A. Peripheral neuropathy
- B. Headache
- C. Excoriation
- D. Taste alteration
- E. Nausea
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse should immediately report symptoms of peripheral neuropathy to the primary health care provider. Headache, taste alteration, and nausea are some of the mild adverse effects of the drug and are not cause for immediate concern. Excoriation is an adverse effect of imiquimod and does not occur in patients being administered didanosine.
An HIV-positive patient on antiretroviral therapy informs the nurse that he is considering taking sildenafil. The nurse informs the patient that he may experience which of the following when taking sildenafil with antiretroviral therapy?
- A. Feching of dizziness
- B. Tching of skin
- C. Risk of hypotension
- D. Depression
- E. Nausea
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse should educate the patient regarding the associated risks, such as hypotension, visual disturbances, and prolonged penile erection. Feeling of dizziness, itching of skin, depression, and nausea are not conditions that are specifically associated with sildenafil and antiretroviral drugs.
A client is prescribed entecavir, which is supplied as a buffered powder. The nurse instructs the client to mix the powder with which of the following?
- A. Fruit juice
- B. Applesauce
- C. Water
- D. Gelatin
- E. Milk
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The client should be instructed to mix the buffered powder with 4 ounces of water (not juice), stir until it is dissolved, and then drink it immediately. Using any other substance such as fruit juice, applesauce, gelatin, or milk would be inappropriate.