Nokea
A client is scheduled for a diagnostic test to measure blood hormone levels. The nurse expects that this test will determine which of the following?
- A. The concentration of a substance in plasma
- B. Details about the size of the organ and its location
- C. The functioning of endocrine glands
- D. The client's blood sugar level
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Measuring blood hormone levels helps determine the functioning of endocrine glands. A radioimmunoassay determines the concentration of substances in plasma, while radiographs assess organ size and location. Blood sugar levels are measured separately, typically for diabetes management.
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The nurse is caring for a client with an immunodeficiency disorder. Lab results show that the client does not have an adequate number of T lymphocytes needed to improve immune function. Which gland should be investigated for dysfunction?
- A. Thymus
- B. Parathyroid
- C. Thyroid
- D. Adrenal
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The thymus gland secretes thymosin and thymopoietin, which are essential for T lymphocyte development, critical for immune function. The parathyroid, thyroid, and adrenal glands do not directly influence T lymphocyte production.
A client is experiencing an increase in blood glucose levels. The nurse understands that which of the following hormones would be important in lowering the client's blood glucose level?
- A. Insulin
- B. Parathormone
- C. Melatonin
- D. Calcitonin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Insulin, released by the beta islet cells of the pancreas, lowers blood glucose levels when they rise above normal. Parathormone regulates calcium levels, melatonin influences sleep cycles and mood, and calcitonin inhibits calcium release from bones.
A client is being seen in the clinic to receive the results of the lab work to determine thyroid levels. The nurse observes the client's eyes appear to be bulging, and there is swelling around the eyes. What does the nurse know to be the correct documentation of this finding?
- A. Retinal detachment
- B. Periorbital swelling
- C. Bulging eyes
- D. Exophthalmos
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Exophthalmos is the correct term for bulging eyes and periorbital swelling, often associated with hyperthyroidism (e.g., Graves' disease). Retinal detachment, periorbital swelling alone, or the vague term 'bulging eyes' are less precise.
A client is scheduled to have a test to determine thyroid function. What should the nurse ask the client prior to scheduling the testing?
- A. If the client has had a diagnostic test that used iodine within the last 3 months
- B. If the client is able to pay for the testing or has insurance coverage
- C. If the client is drinking adequate amounts of fluid daily
- D. If the client is taking birth control pills
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse should ask about recent diagnostic tests using iodine, as these can interfere with thyroid function tests. Payment ability, fluid intake, and birth control pills are not relevant to thyroid testing accuracy.
The nurse is caring for a client who is having difficulty with falling asleep and staying asleep. The nurse suggests the client try over-the-counter melatonin to help with this issue. The nurse explains that what gland is responsible for the decreased secretion of melatonin?
- A. Pineal
- B. Adrenal
- C. Thyroid
- D. Thymus
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The pineal gland secretes melatonin, which regulates sleep cycles and mood. Decreased melatonin secretion can contribute to sleep difficulties. The adrenal, thyroid, and thymus glands do not secrete melatonin.