Nokea
The nurse is reviewing a client's laboratory studies and determines that the client has an elevated calcium level. What does the nurse know will occur as a result of the rise in the serum calcium level?
- A. A rise in serum calcium stimulates the release of T lymphocytes.
- B. A rise in serum calcium stimulates the release of erythropoietin.
- C. A rise in serum calcium inhibits the release of calcitonin.
- D. A rise in serum calcium stimulates the release of calcitonin from the thyroid gland.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A rise in serum calcium stimulates the thyroid gland to release calcitonin, which inhibits calcium release from bones to lower blood calcium levels and maintain homeostasis.
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The nurse is caring for a client with diabetes who developed hypoglycemia. What can the nurse administer to the client to raise the blood sugar level?
- A. Insulin
- B. Glucagon
- C. Cortisone
- D. Estrogen
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Glucagon, secreted by pancreatic alpha cells, raises blood sugar levels by stimulating glycogenolysis in the liver. Insulin lowers blood sugar, while cortisone and estrogen do not directly affect blood glucose levels.
During physical examination of a client with a suspected endocrine disorder, the nurse assesses the body structures. The nurse gathers this data based on the understanding that it is an important aid in which process?
- A. Detecting evidence of hormone hypersecretion
- B. Detecting information about possible tumor growth
- C. Determining the presence or absence of testosterone levels
- D. Determining the size of the organs and location
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The evaluation of body structures helps detect evidence of hormone hypersecretion or hyposecretion, aiding in the assessment of specific endocrine gland dysfunctions. Radiographs are used to detect tumors or determine organ size and location, while testosterone levels are assessed through blood tests.
A client has a dysfunction in one of his glands that is causing a decrease in the level of calcium in the blood. The nurse knows which gland should be evaluated for dysfunction?
- A. Thyroid gland
- B. Parathyroid gland
- C. Thymus gland
- D. Adrenal gland
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The parathyroid glands secrete parathormone, which increases blood calcium levels when serum calcium decreases. The thyroid, thymus, and adrenal glands do not primarily regulate calcium levels.
An instructor is preparing a teaching plan for a class on the various pituitary hormones. Which hormone is released by the posterior pituitary gland?
- A. Somatotropin
- B. Prolactin
- C. Oxytocin
- D. Adrenocorticotropic hormone
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The posterior pituitary gland releases oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone. Somatotropin, prolactin, and adrenocorticotropic hormone are secreted by the anterior pituitary gland.
A client is scheduled for a diagnostic test to measure blood hormone levels. The nurse expects that this test will determine which of the following?
- A. The concentration of a substance in plasma
- B. Details about the size of the organ and its location
- C. The functioning of endocrine glands
- D. The client's blood sugar level
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Measuring blood hormone levels helps determine the functioning of endocrine glands. A radioimmunoassay determines the concentration of substances in plasma, while radiographs assess organ size and location. Blood sugar levels are measured separately, typically for diabetes management.