Nokea
A client states, 'My father was an alcoholic so I am destined to be one too.' Which is the best response by the nurse?
- A. Children of alcoholics are more likely to become alcoholic.
- B. There is treatment available to prevent the trait of alcoholism.
- C. This is just a theory and has no basis of proof.
- D. Let's talk about how you can take control of your destiny.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Even with a possible genetic link to alcoholism, the individual remains in control of taking the first drink that triggers the metabolism of alcohol to THIQ. Every person is responsible for his or her own destiny and should receive encouragement to exercise that control. Children of alcoholics (COA) do have a greater likelihood of developing alcohol dependency. The only prevention of the trait of alcoholism is abstinence.
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Upon admission of a client to the detox unit, the nurse administers lorazepam (Ativan). The client asks, 'How long will I get these drugs?' Which is the best understanding by the nurse?
- A. The drugs will be given routinely until detox is completed.
- B. Because Ativan has potential addictive qualities, it will be stopped after 24 hours.
- C. High doses may be required initially but then will be tapered and stopped.
- D. The physician will decide the dosage and reorder every third day.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ativan is used to control withdrawal symptoms. Initially, the medication may need to be administered frequently and in high doses to compensate for the client's cross-tolerance and then tapered and discontinued. Ativan is a controlled substance and should not be prescribed for long-term use. The physician establishes the order for the administration of all medications during the detoxification of clients.
The nurse is discussing the effects of secondhand smoking with a group of new mothers. What information is most important for the nurse to include?
- A. Higher risk for fractures as they age
- B. Severe asthma attacks in children of smokers
- C. Greater risk for lung cancer
- D. Increased rate for coronary heart disease
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Children with asthma have a greater frequency and more severe attacks when exposed to secondhand smoke. New mothers who smoked during pregnancy need to know their infants are at increased risk of sudden infant death syndrome. Higher incidence of lung cancer, fractures, and coronary heart disease are all consequences of smoking but not specific to new mothers or their infants.
Disulfiram is prescribed for a client recovering from alcohol dependency. What is the primary reason for prescribing this drug?
- A. Protects the liver from damage
- B. Prevents client from becoming intoxicated
- C. Makes consuming any type of alcohol unpleasant
- D. Prevents the client from drinking alcohol
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The ingestion of alcohol while taking disulfiram will result in uncomfortable symptoms. Disulfiram does not protect the liver. Disulfiram deters drinking but does not prevent the ingestion of alcohol.
The client, who has recently stopped smoking, is irritable and complaining of a feeling hungry. The nurse would interpret this as which of the following?
- A. Addiction
- B. Withdrawal
- C. Dependency
- D. Tolerance
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Irritability and increased appetite are physical symptoms that occur when a person abruptly stops using an abused substance, such as tobacco. Addiction and dependency are terms that refer to drug-seeking behaviors that interfere with work, relationships, and normal activities. Tolerance refers to the reduction in a drug's effect that follows persistent use.
Which is the best nursing intervention to prevent a potential depressant action of methadone caused by mixing with another drug?
- A. Urine testing
- B. Provide only liquid form of methadone.
- C. Interview client prior to dosing.
- D. Assess vital signs.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The practice of testing the urine before providing methadone is one way of screening and eliminating those who are abusing the system and trying to potentiate the effects of the methadone by combining with another depressant. The methadone should be administered by a professional and supplied in a liquid form to avoid cheeking of the drug. Addictive clients are drug-seeking in nature and cannot be trusted to always be honest with drug use questioning and answers. Vital sign monitoring is not significant in the detection of alternate drug use.