Nokea
A client taking metoprolol (Lopressor) 50 mg one tablet twice daily begins taking over-the-counter pseudoephedrine. The nurse would assess for which of the following? Select all that apply.
- A. Hyperglycemic episode
- B. Hypertensive episode
- C. Rebound congestion
- D. Hypoglycemic episode
- E. Bradycardic episode
Correct Answer: B,E
Rationale: A client taking a beta-adrenergic blocker, such as metoprolol, and a decongestant, such as pseudoephedrine, may develop an initial hypertensive episode followed by a bradycardic episode.
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After administering an antitussive, the nurse would continue to assess which of the following? Select all that apply.
- A. Heart sounds
- B. Lung sounds
- C. Frequency of cough
- D. Therapeutic effect
- E. Pain assessment
Correct Answer: B,C,D,E
Rationale: Vital signs, lung sounds, therapeutic effect including frequency of cough, and assessment of pain should be part of the ongoing client assessment. Auscultation of heart sounds is not part of the ongoing client assessment.
The nurse would be especially alert for the development of which of the following when administering an antihistamine to an older adult? Select all that apply.
- A. Hypotension
- B. Hypertension
- C. Dry mouth
- D. Insomnia
- E. Sedation
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: Older adult clients are more likely to experience anticholinergic effects (dry mouth), dizziness, sedation, hypotension, and confusion while taking an antihistamine.
A client has been prescribed a nasal decongestant for nasal stuffiness due to a common cold. The client is also taking an antidepressant that is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor. The nurse would warn the client about which of the following.
- A. Hypotension
- B. Severe headache
- C. Sedation
- D. Bradycardia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse should warn the client of the possibility of severe headache due to an interaction between the two drugs. Such an interaction may also result in hypertensive crisis instead of hypotension. Sedation and bradycardia do not occur when an MAOI and decongestant are used together.
A client with a nonproductive cough has been prescribed dextromethorphan HBr LiquiCaps. What instructions should the nurse provide the client to promote an optimal response to therapy?
- A. Take the drug with a glass of milk.
- B. Swallow the whole tablet and do not chew it.
- C. Dissolve the tablet in water and take the drug.
- D. Take the drug on an empty stomach.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse should instruct the client to swallow the whole tablet and not to chew it to ensure that the drug is absorbed properly. The nurse need not instruct the client to take the drug with a glass of milk, dissolve the tablet in water and take the drug, or take the drug on an empty stomach.
The nurse is preparing to administer a drug that acts by reducing the swelling in the nasal passages by vasoconstriction. Which of the following might the nurse be administering? Select all that apply.
- A. Loratadine
- B. Guaifenesin
- C. Dextromethorphan
- D. Phenylephrine
- E. Oxymetazoline
Correct Answer: D,E
Rationale: Phenylephrine and oxymetazoline are decongestants that reduce swelling in the nasal passages by vasoconstriction. Loratadine is an antihistamine, guaifenesin is an expectorant, and dextromethorphan is a centrally acting antitussive.