Nokea
A client who has been diagnosed with HIV develops an oral candida infection. When teaching the client, which instructions will the health care provider include?
- A. Rinse your mouth often with a commercial mouthwash.
- B. Include plenty of citrus juices in your diet.
- C. Select foods that are soft or pureed.
- D. Include hot soups and beverages with each meal.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Select foods that are soft or pureed. This is because soft or pureed foods are easier to swallow and less likely to irritate the oral mucosa affected by the candida infection. Rinsing with a commercial mouthwash (choice A) may temporarily relieve symptoms but won't address the root cause. Citrus juices (choice B) can be irritating to the oral mucosa. Hot soups and beverages (choice D) can worsen the discomfort in the mouth. Overall, choosing soft or pureed foods will help alleviate discomfort and promote healing.
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The nurse is providing a 20-year-old woman diagnosed with fibrocystic disease with education about her condition. Which information should be included? Select all that apply.
- A. Pain or tenderness is never present with fibrocystic disease.
- B. The cysts are thought to be hormone related.
- C. The cysts can be of any size, can feel like small lumps or grapes, and can be soft or firm.
- D. It is not a common finding in women between the ages of 30 and 50.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because pain or tenderness is not always present with fibrocystic disease. This information is important for the nurse to include when educating the patient. The other choices are incorrect because B is true - cysts are hormone-related, C describes the characteristics of fibrocystic disease, and D is false - fibrocystic disease is common in women between the ages of 30 and 50.
A woman is noted to have multiple soft warts on her perineum and rectal areas. The nurse suspects that this client has which type of infection?
- A. HIV
- B. HPV
- C. Syphilis
- D. Herpes simplex virus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: HPV. Human papillomavirus (HPV) causes soft warts in the perineum and rectal areas. HPV is a common sexually transmitted infection known to cause genital warts. The other choices are incorrect because HIV does not typically present with warts, syphilis manifests with painless sores rather than soft warts, and herpes simplex virus causes painful blisters rather than soft warts in the specified areas.
During the physical assessment of a female client with HPV, which should the nurse expect to find?
- A. Purulent vaginal discharge
- B. Condylomata
- C. Malodorous vaginal discharge
- D. No clinical manifestation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Condylomata. HPV can manifest as genital warts or condylomata acuminata. These are flesh-colored growths that appear on the genital area. The presence of condylomata indicates an active HPV infection. Choices A and C are incorrect as purulent or malodorous discharge is not typically associated with HPV. Choice D is incorrect as HPV often presents with visible symptoms like condylomata.
Intrapartum nursing care for a woman who has sickle cell disease focuses on:
- A. Maintaining oxygenation and preventing dehydration
- B. Controlling pain and avoiding unnecessary movement
- C. Preventing excess exertion and limiting visitors
- D. Increasing calorie intake and avoiding internal monitoring
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because maintaining oxygenation is crucial due to the risk of vaso-occlusive crisis in sickle cell disease. Dehydration can worsen sickling of red blood cells. Choice B is incorrect because pain control is important but not the primary focus. Choice C is incorrect as excess exertion can trigger a crisis, and limiting visitors is not a priority. Choice D is incorrect as calorie intake and internal monitoring are not directly related to intrapartum care for sickle cell disease.
A client with a history of herpes simplex virus (HSV-2) infection asks the nurse about future sexual activity. Which response is most appropriate?
- A. If the infection has healed, you do not have to use a condom.
- B. Refrain from all sexual activity.
- C. Use a condom during sexual activity only if the infection becomes active again.
- D. Inform all potential sexual partners about the infection, even if it is inactive.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
1. Informing all potential sexual partners about the HSV-2 infection, even if inactive, is crucial to ensure transparency and promote informed decision-making.
2. HSV-2 can be transmitted even when symptoms are not present, so partners need to be aware of the risk.
3. This approach demonstrates respect for the partners' autonomy and enables them to make choices regarding their own health.
Summary:
A: Incorrect. Using a condom is important even when the infection is inactive to prevent transmission.
B: Incorrect. Refraining from all sexual activity may not be necessary if proper precautions are taken.
C: Incorrect. Using a condom only when the infection is active does not fully address the risk of transmission during asymptomatic periods.