Nokea
The nurse is reviewing the chart of a client who is complaining of heavy bleeding with her menstrual cycles. The nurse is aware that which of the following is a possible cause?
- A. Uterine fibroids
- B. Excessive exercise
- C. Normal finding in pregnancy
- D. Diet high in fat
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Uterine fibroids. Uterine fibroids are noncancerous growths in the uterus that can lead to heavy menstrual bleeding. The nurse should consider this as a possible cause based on the client's symptoms.
Incorrect Choices:
B: Excessive exercise - While excessive exercise can sometimes affect menstrual cycles, it is not a common cause of heavy bleeding.
C: Normal finding in pregnancy - Heavy bleeding during menstrual cycles is not a normal finding in pregnancy.
D: Diet high in fat - While diet can impact overall health, a diet high in fat is not a direct cause of heavy menstrual bleeding.
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Which is a constellation of physical and psychological symptoms beginning in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and followed by a symptom-free period?
- A. Endometriosis
- B. Abnormal uterine bleeding
- C. Premenstrual syndrome
- D. Depression
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale:
1. Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) occurs in the luteal phase due to hormonal changes.
2. PMS includes physical and psychological symptoms.
3. It is followed by a symptom-free period (during menstruation).
4. Endometriosis is a separate condition involving tissue growth outside the uterus.
5. Abnormal uterine bleeding refers to irregular bleeding patterns.
6. Depression is a mental health condition not specific to the menstrual cycle.
Summary:
PMS is the correct answer as it aligns with the timing, symptoms, and pattern described in the question. Endometriosis, abnormal uterine bleeding, and depression do not fully match the criteria provided.
The nurse is teaching a woman receiving adjuvant hormonal therapy on how she can manage her side effects and symptoms. Which education and teaching will the nurse include? Select all that apply.
- A. Wear layered clothing and avoid caffeine and spicy foods to help relieve hot flashes
- B. Decrease vaginal dryness by using vaginal moisturizers such as Replens or vitamin E suppositories daily
- C. Manage nausea and vomiting by consuming a bland diet and taking medication first thing in the morning.
- D. Ease musculoskeletal symptoms with warm baths and nonsteroidal analgesics
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Vaginal dryness is a common side effect of hormonal therapy. Using vaginal moisturizers like Replens or vitamin E suppositories can help alleviate this symptom by providing moisture and lubrication. This intervention can improve the woman's comfort and quality of life during treatment.
Choice A is incorrect because wearing layered clothing and avoiding caffeine and spicy foods are strategies typically recommended for managing hot flashes, not vaginal dryness.
Choice C is incorrect as managing nausea and vomiting with a bland diet and medication is not directly related to the management of side effects of hormonal therapy like vaginal dryness.
Choice D is incorrect as warm baths and nonsteroidal analgesics are more commonly used to ease musculoskeletal symptoms, not specifically for managing vaginal dryness.
What nursing action will the nurse implement after feeding an infant with hydrocephalus?
- A. Position the infant sitting upright in an infant seat
- B. Place the infant over the shoulder to burp
- C. Leave the infant in a side-lying position
- D. Stimulate the infant by rubbing its feet
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Leave the infant in a side-lying position. This is important for infants with hydrocephalus as it helps prevent aspiration and reflux. Placing the infant in an upright position (Choice A) may increase the risk of regurgitation and aspiration. Burping (Choice B) is important after feeding but may not specifically address the needs of an infant with hydrocephalus. Stimulating the infant by rubbing its feet (Choice D) is unrelated to the specific care needed for an infant with hydrocephalus.
A 60-year-old client with a palpable mass to the right adnexa and family history of ovarian cancer is seen by the HCP. The nurse anticipates the order for which of the following laboratory results?
- A. CBC
- B. Blood glucose
- C. CA-125
- D. FSH and LH
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: CA-125. This tumor marker is used to assess for ovarian cancer in high-risk individuals. The client's age, palpable mass, and family history of ovarian cancer raise suspicion for malignancy. A CBC (choice A) and blood glucose (choice B) are not specific to ovarian cancer evaluation. FSH and LH (choice D) are hormone levels that do not directly assess for ovarian cancer. Therefore, CA-125 is the most appropriate lab test to anticipate in this scenario.
A woman is noted to have multiple soft warts on her perineum and rectal areas. The nurse suspects that this client has which type of infection?
- A. HIV
- B. HPV
- C. Syphilis
- D. Herpes simplex virus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: HPV. Human papillomavirus (HPV) causes soft warts in the perineum and rectal areas. HPV is a common sexually transmitted infection known to cause genital warts. The other choices are incorrect because HIV does not typically present with warts, syphilis manifests with painless sores rather than soft warts, and herpes simplex virus causes painful blisters rather than soft warts in the specified areas.