Nokea
A client with chronic osteomyelitis is being discharged from the hospital. What information is important for the nurse to teach this client and family? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Administering the antibiotic regimen
- B. Correct intramuscular injection technique
- C. Eating high-protein and high-carbohydrate foods
- D. Keeping daily follow-up appointments
- E. Proper use of the intravenous equipment
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: Chronic osteomyelitis requires long-term IV or oral antibiotics, proper IV equipment use, and a high-protein, high-carbohydrate diet to promote healing. IM injections are not typically used, and daily follow-up is unnecessary.
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A client with bone cancer is hospitalized for a limb salvage procedure. How can the nurse best address the client's psychosocial needs?
- A. Assess coping skills and support systems
- B. Explain that the surgery leads to a longer life expectancy
- C. Refer the client to the social worker or hospital chaplain
- D. Reinforce physical therapy to aid with ambulating normally
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Assessing coping skills and support systems is the first step in addressing psychosocial needs, as it identifies the client's resources and challenges. Explaining life expectancy does not address psychosocial needs directly, referrals may follow assessment, and physical therapy focuses on physical rather than psychosocial needs.
A client with osteoporosis is going home, where the client lives alone. What action by the nurse is best?
- A. Arrange a home safety evaluation
- B. Ensure the client has a walker at home
- C. Schedule daily nursing visits
- D. Refer the client to a support group
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A home safety evaluation is critical for a client with osteoporosis living alone to reduce fall risks, which can lead to fractures. A walker may not be necessary without assessment, daily visits are excessive, and a support group is secondary to safety.
A client had a bunionectomy with osteotomy. The client asks why healing may take up to 3 months. What explanation by the nurse is best?
- A. The feet have less blood flow, so healing is slower
- B. The bones in your feet are hard to operate on
- C. The surrounding bones and tissue are damaged
- D. Healing depends on your overall health
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The feet, being distal to the heart, have reduced blood flow compared to other areas, which slows healing after surgery like a bunionectomy with osteotomy. The other options are less accurate or incomplete explanations.
What information does the nurse teach a women's group about osteoporosis?
- A. After menopause, women lose about 2% of bone mass yearly
- B. Men actually have higher rates of the disease but are underdiagnosed
- C. There is no way to prevent or slow osteoporosis after menopause
- D. Bone loss stops 5 years after menopause
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Women lose approximately 2% of bone mass annually after menopause due to decreased estrogen levels. Men have lower rates of osteoporosis, and treatments like calcium, vitamin D, and medications can slow bone loss post-menopause.
A nurse is assessing a community group for dietary factors that contribute to osteoporosis. In addition to inquiring about calcium, the nurse also assesses for which other dietary components? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Alcohol
- B. Caffeine
- C. Fat
- D. Carbonated beverages
- E. Vitamin D
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: Alcohol, caffeine, carbonated beverages (high in phosphorus), and low vitamin D intake contribute to osteoporosis risk. Fat intake does not directly affect bone density.