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A client with hypercholesterolemia is prescribed lovastatin. When instructing the client how to take the drug, which of the following would the nurse include?
- A. Taking the drug with his evening meal
- B. Combining the drug with the artificial sweetener aspartame
- C. Mixing the drug with highly fluid soups or pulpy fruits
- D. Taking the drug with grapefruit juice
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: For the self-administration of lovastatin, the nurse should suggest the client take the drug with his evening meal. Cholestyramine powder is mixed with highly fluid soups or pulpy fruits. Cholestyramine is available combined with the artificial sweetener aspartame. The client should not drink grapefruit juice when taking lovastatin.
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A nurse is explaining how statin drugs help lower cholesterol, LDL, and triglycerides. Which of the following would the nurse include in the explanation?
- A. Decreased absorption of cholesterol from the GI tract
- B. Promotion of cholesterol breakdown
- C. Formation of a substance that is excreted in the feces
- D. Decreased breakdown of fat to cholesterol
- E. Inhibition of cholesterol production
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: Statins inhibit the manufacture of cholesterol or promote the breakdown of cholesterol. The bile acid resins bind to bile acids to form an insoluble substance that cannot be absorbed by the intestine, so it is excreted in the feces.
A client is receiving pravastatin. The nurse understands that which of the following should be avoided with this client to prevent the risk of myopathy?
- A. Quinapril (Accupril)
- B. Niacin (Niaspan)
- C. Clarithromycin (Biaxin)
- D. Albuterol (Proventil)
- E. Verapamil (Calan)
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: Niacin, clarithromycin, and verapamil when coadministered to a client taking a statin, like pravastatin, can result in increased myopathy.
A client is prescribed a bile acid resin and has been taking this therapy long term. The primary health care provider has prescribed vitamins A and D in waterHIV/AIDS water-soluble form. Which nursing diagnosis would be most likely?
- A. Risk for Impaired Skin Integrity
- B. Constipation
- C. Risk for Injury
- D. Risk for Imbalanced Nutrition: Less Than Body Requirements
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Bile acid resins may interfere with the digestion of fats and prevent the absorption of the fat-soluble vitamins (vitamins A, D, E, and K) and folic acid. Therefore, the nursing diagnosis of Risk for Imbalanced Nutrition: Less Than Body Requirements would be most appropriate. Adverse reactions associated with nicotinic acid such as flushing would suggest a risk for impaired skin integrity. Constipation would be associated with statin therapy. Risk for injury may be appropriate for clients taking fibrates or statins.
A nurse is caring for a client receiving gemfibrozil. Which of the following would the nurse include in the teaching plan for this client?
- A. Take the drug along with meals
- B. Observe caution while driving
- C. Take a single dose once daily in the evening
- D. Be alert for mild to severe facial flushing
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When preparing a teaching plan for the client receiving the fibric acid derivative gemfibrozil, the nurse should instruct the client to observe caution while driving. Rosuvastatin calcium is taken as a single dose once daily in the evening. The nurse instructs a client prescribed nicotinic acid to take it along with meals; it may also cause mild to severe facial flushing.
A nurse in a health care facility is caring for a client receiving colesevelam. The nurse would anticipate administering this drug cautiously to a client with which condition?
- A. Diabetes
- B. Peptic ulcer disease
- C. Liver disease
- D. Unstable angina
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Colesevelam is administered with caution in clients with liver disease. Fibric acid derivatives are administered with caution in clients with peptic ulcer disease and diabetes. Niacin is used with caution in clients with unstable angina.