Nokea
A client with pneumonia exhibits signs of respiratory distress and decreased oxygen saturation. What is the primary indication for initiating oxygen therapy in this client?
- A. Promoting lung expansion
- B. Enhancing antimicrobial therapy
- C. Improving oxygen delivery to tissues
- D. Reducing the risk of bacterial resistance
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Improving oxygen delivery to tissues (C) is the primary indication for oxygen therapy in pneumonia with distress and low SpO2, correcting hypoxia from impaired gas exchange. Lung expansion (A) is secondary. Antimicrobial therapy (B) treats infection, not oxygenation. Bacterial resistance (D) is unrelated. Enhanced oxygen delivery supports vital organs, per infectious disease care principles, critical in acute respiratory compromise.
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Which of the following nursing intervention is appropriate to prevent pulmonary embolus in a patient who is prescribed bed rest?
- A. Limit the client's fluid intake
- B. Encourage deep breathing and coughing
- C. Use the knee gatch when the client is in bed
- D. Teach the patient to move legs in bed
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Bed rest risks venous stasis, a pulmonary embolus cause. Leg movement promotes circulation, preventing clots from forming and traveling to lungs. Fluid limits dehydration but not emboli directly, deep breathing aids lungs but not veins, and knee gatch increases stasis. Nurses teach exercises, reducing thromboembolism risk, enhancing recovery safety.
Which activity is an example of health promotion by the nurse
- A. Administering immunizations
- B. Giving a bedbath
- C. Preventing complications after an accident
- D. Performing diagnostic procedures
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Health promotion enhances well-being and prevents disease proactively administering immunizations (e.g., measles vaccine) exemplifies this, boosting immunity before illness strikes. Giving a bedbath is hygiene, not promotion supportive, not preventive. Preventing complications post-accident is tertiary prevention, managing existing issues, not promoting health preemptively. Diagnostic procedures (e.g., blood tests) detect, not promote assessment, not prevention. Immunizations align with health promotion's focus on empowering clients against disease, a core nursing role in public health, making this the standout example.
Who is the first Filipino chief nurse of PGH?
- A. Rosario Delgado
- B. Anastacia Giron Tupas
- C. Julita Sotejo
- D. Loreto Tupas
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Anastacia Giron-Tupas, PGH's first Filipino chief nurse, marked a shift to local leadership e.g., post-American rule. Delgado (PNA president), Sotejo (educator), and Tupas differ. Her tenure elevated Filipino roles, influencing nursing's national identity and autonomy.
The nurse is teaching the parents of an infant with osteogenesis imperfecta. The nurse should tell the parents:
- A. That the infant will need daily calcium supplements
- B. To lift the infant by the buttocks when diapering
- C. That the condition is a temporary one
- D. That only the bones are affected by the disease
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lifting by the buttocks prevents fractures in osteogenesis imperfecta, a brittle bone disorder calcium doesn't strengthen defective collagen, it's lifelong, and other systems (e.g., hearing) may be affected. Nurses teach gentle handling, ensuring safety in this genetic condition.
While planning nursing process for a patient who is at risk for suicide, which of the following is the priority area for providing care :
- A. Sleep
- B. Nutrition
- C. Self-esteem
- D. Safety
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Suicide risk demands a prioritized nursing approach under the nursing process. Sleep (choice A) and nutrition (choice B) are basic needs, but disruptions are secondary to immediate risk. Self-esteem (choice C) influences mental health, yet addressing it is a longer-term goal. Safety (choice D) is the priority, as suicidal ideation poses an acute threat to life, requiring immediate interventions like removing hazards, constant observation, and risk assessment (e.g., SAD PERSONS scale). D is correct because ensuring safety prevents harm, the first step in stabilizing the patient. Nurses must implement safety protocols, collaborate with psychiatry, and then address sleep, nutrition, and esteem, building a comprehensive care plan.