Nokea
A client with proctitis needs a rectal suppository. A senior nursing student assigned to this client tells you that she is afraid to insert the suppository because she has never done it before. What is the most appropriate action in supervising this student?
- A. You give the medication and report the student to the instructor.
- B. Ask the student to leave the clinical area for being unprepared.
- C. Reassign the client to an LPN/LVN.
- D. Show the student how to insert the suppository and talk to the instructor.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
1. Supervising students is part of the nursing role.
2. As a tutor, your responsibility is to guide and teach students.
3. Showing the student how to insert the suppository will help build their skills and confidence.
4. Talking to the instructor ensures proper supervision and support for the student's learning.
5. Reporting or dismissing the student is not constructive and goes against the principles of education and mentorship.
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Which of the following are liver waste products?
- A. bilirubin
- B. bile salts
- C. cholesterol
- D. electrolytes
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: bilirubin. Bilirubin is a waste product produced during the breakdown of red blood cells in the liver. It is excreted in bile and gives feces its brown color. Bile salts aid in digestion, cholesterol is a lipid used for various functions, and electrolytes are essential for bodily functions but are not liver waste products. Therefore, bilirubin is the only true liver waste product in this list.
Gastric secretion composed of all of the following Except:
- A. HCL.
- B. IF.
- C. Mucous.
- D. Amylase.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Amylase. Gastric secretion does not contain amylase. Amylase is an enzyme produced by the pancreas and salivary glands to break down carbohydrates. In the stomach, gastric secretions mainly consist of hydrochloric acid (HCl) for digestion, intrinsic factor (IF) for vitamin B12 absorption, and mucous to protect the stomach lining. Therefore, amylase is not a component of gastric secretion.
A peristaltic rush which results in a failure to absorb enough colon water results in _____.
- A. constipation
- B. diarrhea
- C. cramps
- D. flatus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: diarrhea. A peristaltic rush causes rapid movement of contents through the intestines, leading to decreased absorption time in the colon. This results in excess water in the stool, leading to watery and loose bowel movements, which is characteristic of diarrhea. Constipation (A) is the opposite, with slow movement and difficulty passing stool. Cramps (C) may occur due to increased muscle contractions but are not directly related to water absorption. Flatus (D) is the passage of gas and not related to water absorption in the colon.
The nurse monitors the laboratory results of the patient with protein-calorie malnutrition during treatment. Which result is an indication of improvement in the patient's condition?
- A. Decreased lymphocytes
- B. Increased serum transferrin
- C. Increased serum potassium
- D. Decreased serum prealbumin
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because an increase in serum transferrin levels indicates improvement in protein-calorie malnutrition as transferrin is a protein that binds and transports iron, which is essential for various body functions. When protein intake increases, transferrin levels also increase to support iron transport.
A: Decreased lymphocytes do not directly reflect improvement in protein-calorie malnutrition.
C: Increased serum potassium is not specific to improvement in protein-calorie malnutrition.
D: Decreased serum prealbumin levels indicate ongoing malnutrition, not improvement.
At which relative exercise intensity would you expect to utilize the most intramuscular triglycerides?
- A. 25% VO2 max (i.e. 25% of aerobic capacity)
- B. 65% VO2 max
- C. 85% VO2 max
- D. 150% VO2 max
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B (65% VO2 max) because at this intensity, the body primarily uses a combination of fats and carbohydrates for energy production. Intramuscular triglycerides are a source of fat utilized during moderate-intensity exercise. At 25% VO2 max (choice A), the body predominantly uses carbohydrates, while at 85% VO2 max (choice C) and 150% VO2 max (choice D), the reliance shifts towards carbohydrates due to the higher intensity levels. Therefore, option B is the most suitable intensity for utilizing intramuscular triglycerides efficiently.