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A client with vaginal cancer asks the nurse, “What is the usual treatment for this type of cancer?” Which treatment should the nurse name?
- A. Surgery
- B. Radiation
- C. Chemotherapy
- D. Immunotherapy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Surgery. Surgery is the primary treatment for vaginal cancer, especially for early-stage cases. It involves removing the cancerous tissue from the vagina. Radiation (B) and chemotherapy (C) may also be used in addition to surgery in some cases, but they are not the primary treatment. Immunotherapy (D) is not a standard treatment for vaginal cancer. It is important to prioritize surgery as it directly targets and removes the cancerous cells from the affected area, increasing the chances of successful treatment and recovery.
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A client is diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis, an autoimmune disorder. When teaching the client and family about autoimmune disorders, the nurse should provide which information?
- A. Clients with autoimmune disorders may have false-negative but not false-positive serologic tests
- B. Advanced medical interventions can cure most autoimmune disorders
- C. Autoimmune disorders include connective tissue (collagen) disorders
- D. Autoimmune disorders are distinctive, adding differential diagnosis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct Answer: C - Autoimmune disorders include connective tissue (collagen) disorders.
Rationale: Autoimmune disorders involve the immune system mistakenly attacking healthy cells and tissues in the body, which can lead to various conditions, including connective tissue disorders like rheumatoid arthritis. Providing this information to the client and family is crucial for understanding the nature of autoimmune disorders and the potential impact on the body.
Summary of other choices:
A: False-negative or false-positive serologic tests can occur in autoimmune disorders, so this statement is not specific enough to be the most appropriate information to provide.
B: Advanced medical interventions can manage symptoms but not cure autoimmune disorders, making this statement inaccurate and misleading.
D: Autoimmune disorders can present with a wide range of symptoms and can be challenging to diagnose, but this statement does not address the specific link between autoimmune disorders and connective tissue disorders.
What is the first action the nurse should take?
- A. Start an IV lines for fluids
- B. Get an ECG
- C. Place a Foley catheter
- D. Check for neurologic status
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Check for neurologic status. This is the first action because assessing the patient's neurologic status helps identify any immediate threats to their health and guides further interventions. It is crucial to ensure the patient's safety and prioritize interventions based on their neurologic status. Starting an IV for fluids (A), getting an ECG (B), and placing a Foley catheter (C) are important interventions but should come after assessing the patient's neurologic status to address any urgent issues first.
The nurse begins a shift assessment by examining a surgical dressing that is saturated with serosanguineous drainage on a patient who had open abdominal surgery yesterday (or 1 day ago). Which type of assessment approach is the nurse using?
- A. Gordon’s Functional Health Patterns
- B. Activity-exercise pattern assessment
- C. General to specific assessment
- D. Problem-oriented assessment
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: General to specific assessment. In this scenario, the nurse is starting with a broad assessment of the surgical dressing and the type of drainage present, then will progress to more specific assessments based on the findings. This approach allows for a systematic and comprehensive evaluation of the patient's condition by moving from general observations to detailed examinations.
Explanation:
1. General assessment: The nurse is initially assessing the overall appearance of the surgical dressing and the type of drainage.
2. Specific assessment: Based on the initial findings, the nurse will proceed to conduct more focused assessments, such as checking for signs of infection, monitoring vital signs, and assessing the surgical site for any complications.
Other choices are incorrect:
A: Gordon’s Functional Health Patterns - This framework focuses on assessing different aspects of an individual's health patterns, such as activity level, sleep patterns, and coping mechanisms. It is not the most appropriate approach in this situation.
B: Activity-exercise pattern assessment - This type of assessment focuses
What equipment should the nurse prepare for the primary care provider when a woman says she is concerned about possible Chlamydia infection?
- A. Chlamydia slide
- B. Chlamydia collection kit
- C. Chlamydia swab
- D. Chlamydia wet mount
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Chlamydia collection kit. The primary care provider will need the collection kit to gather a sample for testing. A Chlamydia slide (A) is not necessary as the provider needs to collect a sample first. A Chlamydia swab (C) is used to collect the sample, not to provide to the provider. A Chlamydia wet mount (D) is not appropriate for Chlamydia testing, as it is typically used for other types of infections.
Why are older adults with heart and blood vessel diseases susceptible to thrombophlebitis?
- A. Choose all that apply
- B. IV drugs and chemicals
- C. Impaired mobility
- D. Compromised circulation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: IV drugs and chemicals. Thrombophlebitis is inflammation of a vein with blood clot formation, commonly caused by irritants like IV drugs. Impaired mobility (C) and compromised circulation (D) are risk factors for thrombophlebitis, but not specific to older adults with heart and blood vessel diseases. A is incorrect as not all choices apply in this scenario.