Nokea
A client's oncologist has just finished explaining the diagnostic workup results to her, and she still has questions. The woman states, 'The physician says I have a slow-growing cancer. Very few cells are dividing. How does she know this?' What is the name of the test that gave the health care provider this information?
- A. Tumor ploidy
- B. S-phase index
- C. Nuclear grade
- D. Estrogen-receptor assay
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The S-phase index measures the number of cells in the synthesis phase of cell development. If the number of cells noted is high the cancer is growing quickly. In this case the low index suggests slow growth.
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A woman will be taking oral contraceptives using a 28-day pack. What advice should the nurse provide to protect this client from an unintended pregnancy?
- A. Limit sexual contact for one cycle after starting the pill.
- B. Use condoms and foam instead of the pill for as long as the client takes an antibiotic.
- C. Take one pill at the same time every day.
- D. Throw away the pack and use a backup method if two pills are missed during week 1 of her cycle.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Taking the pill at the same time each day helps maintain adequate hormone levels and ensures contraceptive effectiveness.
Which patient may require more help and understanding when integrating the newborn into the family?
- A. A primipara from an upper income family
- B. A primipara who comes from a large family
- C. A multipara (gravida 2) who has a supportive husband and mother
- D. A multipara (gravida 6) who has two children younger than 3 years
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because a multipara with six pregnancies and two young children may require more help and understanding due to the potential challenges of caring for multiple young children simultaneously. The presence of two children younger than 3 years old indicates that the mother may be experiencing higher levels of stress and demands on her time and energy. This situation could lead to difficulties in integrating the newborn into the family dynamics.
Choice A is incorrect because being from an upper-income family does not necessarily indicate a need for more help and understanding. Choice B is incorrect because coming from a large family does not directly correlate with requiring more assistance when integrating a newborn. Choice C is incorrect because having a supportive husband and mother can provide valuable assistance and may not necessarily indicate a greater need for help compared to the scenario described in choice D.
Two days ago a woman gave birth to a full-term infant. Last night she awakened several times to urinate and noted that her gown and bedding were wet from profuse diaphoresis. Which physiologic alteration is the cause for the diaphoresis and diuresis that this client is experiencing?
- A. Elevated temperature caused by postpartum infection
- B. Increased basal metabolic rate after giving birth
- C. Loss of increased blood volume associated with pregnancy
- D. Increased venous pressure in the lower extremities
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Diaphoresis and diuresis are mechanisms for reducing excess tissue fluid accumulated during pregnancy.
The nurse would advise the patient to report what symptom immediately during a PD-1 (checkpoint inhibitor) infusion?
- A. nausea
- B. fatigue
- C. dizziness
- D. diarrhea
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: dizziness. Dizziness during a PD-1 infusion can indicate a potential serious adverse reaction, such as immune-related neurological toxicity. Prompt reporting is crucial to prevent complications. Nausea, fatigue, and diarrhea are common side effects of PD-1 inhibitors but are typically not considered immediate concerns for infusion reactions. Reporting dizziness ensures timely assessment and intervention to manage any severe adverse effects.
The nurse is assessing a patient’s use of complementary and alternative therapies. Which should the nurse document as an alternative or complementary therapy practice? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Practicing yoga daily
- B. Drinking green tea in the morning
- C. Taking omeprazole (Prilosec) once a day
- D. Using aromatherapy during a relaxing bath
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Practicing yoga daily. Yoga is considered a complementary therapy as it focuses on integrating the mind, body, and spirit for overall well-being. It is a holistic approach that complements traditional medical treatments.
- B: Drinking green tea in the morning is a healthy habit but not specifically categorized as a complementary or alternative therapy.
- C: Taking omeprazole is a conventional medication for acid reflux and not considered an alternative or complementary therapy.
- D: Using aromatherapy during a relaxing bath is a complementary therapy, but the question asked for alternative or complementary therapy practices, not both.