Nokea
While interviewing a 31-year-old woman before her routine gynecologic examination the nurse collects data about the client's recent menstrual cycles. Which statement by the client should prompt the nurse to collect further information?
- A. My menstrual flow lasts 5 to 6 days
- B. My flow is very heavy
- C. The length of my menstrual cycles varies from 26 to 29 days
- D. I have had a small amount of spotting midway between my periods for the past 2 months
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Heavy bleeding (menorrhagia) requires further investigation as it could indicate an underlying condition. A menstrual cycle of 5-6 days or slight spotting midway are normal.
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Which condition is inappropriate to treat with exogenous progesterone?
- A. Thyroid dysfunction
- B. Recent miscarriage
- C. PCOD
- D. Oocyte retrieval
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Thyroid dysfunction is treated with Synthroid for anovulation, not with progesterone.
A nurse is assessing a client who gave birth 1 week ago. The client states, 'I don't know what's wrong. I love my baby, but I feel so let down and I seem to cry for no reason.' The nurse should identify that the client is experiencing which of the following emotional responses to birth?
- A. Postpartum depression
- B. Taking-in phase
- C. Postpartum blues
- D. Taking-hold phase
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Postpartum blues is a common emotional response occurring within the first two weeks postpartum. Symptoms include mood swings, tearfulness, and sadness due to hormonal changes. It is self-limiting, unlike postpartum depression, which is more severe and persistent.
In the acronym BRAIDED, which letter is used to identify the key components of informed consent that the nurse must document?
- A. B stands for birth control.
- B. R stands for reproduction.
- C. A stands for alternatives.
- D. I stands for ineffective.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In BRAIDED, 'A' stands for alternatives, representing the key component of informed consent that includes information about other viable methods.
Which condition or treatment reduces the risk of morbidity in women with the inherited factor V Leiden disorder?
- A. Anticoagulant therapy
- B. Pregnancy
- C. Oral contraceptives
- D. Hormone replacement therapy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Factor V Leiden is the most common inherited risk factor for primary or recurrent venous thromboembolism. It is an autosomal recessive disorder that increases an individual's risk for blood clots in the legs and pulmonary emboli. This risk significantly increases if the woman is pregnant or is taking oral contraceptives or hormone replacement therapy. Prophylactic anticoagulation therapy decreases the risk of comorbidities.
The nurse is arranging education for the menopausal support group regarding the approaches to treat the symptoms. Which of the following would be components of current treatments? Select all that apply.
- A. Moderately intense exercises
- B. Balanced diet, rich in calcium
- C. Alternative medicine such as black cohosh
- D. Over-the-counter sleep aid
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why choice A is correct:
1. Moderately intense exercises help manage menopausal symptoms by reducing hot flashes and improving mood.
2. Exercise also helps in maintaining bone health and reducing the risk of osteoporosis.
3. Physical activity promotes overall well-being and can alleviate symptoms like weight gain and insomnia.
Summary of why other choices are incorrect:
B. While a balanced diet rich in calcium is important for overall health, it is not a primary component of treating menopausal symptoms.
C. Alternative medicine like black cohosh may have some benefit, but evidence is inconclusive and not widely recommended.
D. Over-the-counter sleep aids may help with sleep disturbances, but they do not address the holistic management of menopausal symptoms.