Nokea
A decrease in which of the following neurotransmitters has been implicated in depression?
- A. GABA, acetylcholine, and aspartate
- B. Norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine
- C. Somatostatin, substance P, and glycine
- D. Glutamate, histamine, and opioid peptides
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A decrease in norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine has been well-documented in the etiology of depression, as these neurotransmitters play key roles in mood regulation, aligning with option b.
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Characteristic features of dyslexia are difficulties in phonological awareness and verbal processing speed:
- A. Verbal memory
- B. Non-verbal memory
- C. Oral memory
- D. Vocal memory
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Dyslexia involves deficits in phonological awareness and verbal memory, per diagnostic criteria.
The child's ability to solve problems hypothetically develops during
- A. Sensorimotor
- B. Preoperational
- C. Concrete operational
- D. Formal operational
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hypothetical problem-solving emerges in the formal operational stage (Piaget).
When taking a medical history, which of the following approaches would be the best way to develop a patient's trust and build rapport?
- A. Confront a patient with targeted questions about his/her behaviors in a direct manner
- B. Provide a setting that is private and safe for disclosure
- C. Always include family members in these conversations
- D. Be persistent in your questioning of the patient
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A private, safe setting fosters trust, encouraging honest disclosure.
A fear of unfamiliar people which emerges at 6-9 months of age
- A. Separation anxiety
- B. Stranger anxiety
- C. Phobia
- D. Emotional regulation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Stranger anxiety, a developmental milestone, appears at 6-9 months, per attachment theory.
When is it acceptable for an adult patient to withhold potentially life-threatening diagnosis from his/her family?
- A. By law, the patient may make personal health decisions without telling others
- B. It is never acceptable to withhold personal health information from family
- C. Only if the patient is free of psychological disorders
- D. Only if the patient's health insurance is not being paid for by his/her family
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Patient autonomy under HIPAA allows withholding information legally.