Nokea
A father asks why his child with tetralogy of Fallot seems to favor a squatting position. What is the nurse’s best response?
- A. Squatting increases the return of venous blood back to the heart.
- B. Squatting decreases arterial blood flow away from the heart.
- C. Squatting is a common resting position when a child is tachycardic.
- D. Squatting increases the workload of the heart.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The squatting position allows the child to breathe more easily because systemic venous return is increased.
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Shone complex consist of the following EXCEPT
- A. coarctation of the aorta
- B. subvalvar aortic stenosis
- C. valvar aortic stenosis
- D. pulmonic stenosis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pulmonic stenosis is not part of Shone complex.
Hemolytic anaemia is characterised by:
- A. Increased haptoglobin
- B. Haemosiderinuria
- C. Polychromasia
- D. Megaloblastic bone marrow
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Haemosiderinuria: Hemolytic anaemia often leads to the release of heme, which is broken down into hemosiderin, leading to haemosiderinuria (presence of hemosiderin in urine).
A 7-year-old child who has a history of a repaired congenital heart defect (CHD)has many dental caries along with gingival erythema and irritation and a temperature of 102.5°F. What will the primary care pediatric nurse practitioner do next?
- A. Admit to the hospital with a pediatric cardiology consult.
- B. Obtain blood cultures and a CBC and consult a pediatric cardiologist.
- C. Refer the child to a pediatric dental surgeon immediately.
- D. Start prophylactic antibiotics such as penicillin twice daily for 2 weeks.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Children who are suspected of having SBE should be admitted to the hospital and referred to pediatric cardiology.
Closure of ductus will worsen following conditions
- A. Coarctation of Aorta
- B. TGA without VSD
- C. Pulmonary Atresia
- D. Hypoplastic left heart
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Closure of the ductus arteriosus worsens pulmonary atresia by cutting off pulmonary blood flow.
Frequent complications of Mycoplasma infection include:
- A. Thrombocytopenia
- B. Haemolytic anaemia
- C. Cardiac conduction defects
- D. Pleural effusion
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Haemolytic anaemia: Mycoplasma infections, particularly with Mycoplasma pneumoniae, can lead to autoimmune haemolytic anaemia, where the body’s immune system destroys red blood cells.