Nokea
A group of nurses is reviewing medications used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify methylphenidate as which of the following?
- A. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor
- B. Psychostimulant
- C. Noradrenergic reuptake inhibitor
- D. Alpha agonist
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Methylphenidate is a psychostimulant used to treat ADHD by increasing dopamine and norepinephrine levels to improve attention and impulse control. Option A (SSRI) is for depression, option C (noradrenergic reuptake inhibitor) describes drugs like atomoxetine, and option D (alpha agonist) includes drugs like clonidine.
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The nurse is preparing to initiate a behavioral treatment program for a child with encopresis. Which of the following would the nurse most likely implement first?
- A. Administration of mineral oil
- B. Bowel Cleansing
- C. Low-fiber diet
- D. Toilet sitting after each meal
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: For encopresis, the first step is typically bowel cleansing to address any fecal impaction, which can contribute to involuntary soiling. Mineral oil (option A) or toilet sitting (option D) may follow, and a low-fiber diet (option C) is counterproductive, as high fiber is preferred.
A 12-year-old child is brought to the mental health clinic by his parents because of a court-ordered evaluation. When assessing the child, which of the following would lead the nurse to suspect that the child has a conduct disorder? Select all that apply.
- A. Destruction of neighbor?s car on two separate occasions
- B. Arrests for petty larceny several times
- C. Repetitive disobedience of parents
- D. Blaming of others for problems
- E. Evidence of overt lying
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale: Conduct disorder involves persistent patterns of behavior that violate societal norms or others? rights. Destruction of property (A), petty larceny (B), disobedience (C), blaming others (D), and lying (E) are all indicative of conduct disorder, as they reflect aggression, deceit, and rule-breaking.
A nurse is assessing an 8-year-old girl with a mood disorder. Which of the following would the nurse most likely expect to assess?
- A. Statement from the child that she feels sad
- B. Behavioral problems
- C. Recurrent obsessions
- D. Ritualistic behavior
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Mood disorders in children, such as depression, often present with verbalized feelings of sadness (option A). Behavioral problems (option B) may occur but are less specific. Options C and D are more characteristic of obsessive-compulsive disorder, not a mood disorder.
A group of nursing students is reviewing information about disruptive behavior disorders. The students demonstrate understanding of the topic when they identify which of the following as an externalizing disorder?
- A. Anxiety
- B. Depression
- C. Schizophrenia
- D. Conduct disorder
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Conduct disorder is an externalizing disorder characterized by behaviors like aggression and rule-breaking, which are outwardly directed. Anxiety (option A), depression (option B), and schizophrenia (option C) are internalizing or psychotic disorders, not externalizing.
The mother of a child with Asperger disorder tells the nurse that her child has few playmates. She states, 'He has such poor social skills with other children, and he strongly rejects any change in his routine by throwing a tantrum.' Based on this information, the nurse identifies which nursing diagnosis as the priority?
- A. Self-Care Deficits related to repeated tantrums
- B. Risk for Injury related to Asperger disorder
- C. Ineffective Family Coping related to having a child with Asperger disorder
- D. Risk for Social Isolation related to poor social skills of the child
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The child?s poor social skills and resulting lack of playmates directly point to the nursing diagnosis of Risk for Social Isolation, as this is a primary concern based on the mother?s statement. Option A is less relevant, as tantrums do not directly relate to self-care deficits. Option B is not supported, as no immediate physical danger is described. Option C may apply but is less specific than social isolation in this context.