Microbiology An Introduction Tortora Test Bank

Microbiology An Introduction Tortora Test Bank Related

Review Microbiology An Introduction Tortora Test Bank related questions and content

A gynaecologist was examining a patient and revealed symptoms of genital tract inflammation. A smear from vagina contains pyriform protozoa with a spine, flagella at their front; there is also an undulating membrane. What disease can be suspected?

  • A. Urogenital trichomoniasis
  • B. Lambliasis
  • C. Intestinal trichomoniasis
  • D. Toxoplasmosis
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Urogenital trichomoniasis. The presence of pyriform protozoa with a spine, flagella at their front, and an undulating membrane in a vaginal smear indicates Trichomonas vaginalis, the causative agent of urogenital trichomoniasis. Trichomonas vaginalis is sexually transmitted and causes vaginal discharge, itching, and inflammation. Lambliasis (choice B) is caused by Giardia lamblia, which is not characterized by the described features. Intestinal trichomoniasis (choice C) is caused by a different species, Tritrichomonas foetus, and presents with diarrhea in cattle. Toxoplasmosis (choice D) is caused by Toxoplasma gondii and typically affects the brain and other organs, not the genital tract.

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Which of the following microorganisms are always in a parasitic form of interaction with the individual?

  • A. viruses
  • B. non-pathogenic bacteria
  • C. facultative pathogenic bacteria
  • D. all listed above
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: viruses. Viruses are always in a parasitic form of interaction with the individual because they cannot survive or reproduce outside of a host cell. They rely on host cells to replicate and cause harm. Non-pathogenic bacteria (choice B) do not always cause harm and can coexist with the individual. Facultative pathogenic bacteria (choice C) can switch between being beneficial and harmful. Therefore, the correct answer is A as viruses always rely on a host for survival and reproduction.

F pili:

  • A. Are made up of nucleotides
  • B. Are transferred to the recipient cell
  • C. Are proteins on the F+ donor that are attached to specific receptors of the recipient's cell wall
  • D. Are part of the recipient cell for attachment to the donor cell
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because F pili are proteins on the F+ donor cell that are attached to specific receptors on the recipient cell's cell wall. This is essential for the transfer of genetic material during conjugation. Choice A is incorrect because F pili are not made up of nucleotides, but rather proteins. Choice B is incorrect because F pili are not transferred to the recipient cell itself, but they facilitate the transfer of genetic material. Choice D is incorrect because F pili are not part of the recipient cell, but rather part of the donor cell for attachment to the recipient cell.

OSHA was established in

  • A. 1921
  • B. 1971
  • C. 1980
  • D. 1985
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 1971. OSHA, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, was established in 1971 under the Occupational Safety and Health Act signed by President Richard Nixon. This act aimed to ensure safe and healthy working conditions for employees by setting and enforcing standards. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as OSHA was not established in those years. Option A (1921) is too early, option C (1980) is after OSHA was already established, and option D (1985) is also too late. Therefore, the correct answer is B, 1971, as it aligns with the historical establishment of OSHA.

Many diseases of medicinal plants are caused by bacteria of the Pseudomonas genus. Select the bacteria relating to this genus:

  • A. Blue pus bacillus
  • B. Colon bacillus
  • C. Proteus
  • D. Mycoplasma
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Blue pus bacillus. Pseudomonas genus includes bacteria that commonly cause diseases in plants. Blue pus bacillus is a common name for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a well-known bacterium that causes diseases in medicinal plants.

Explanation:
1. Blue pus bacillus (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) is a member of the Pseudomonas genus known for causing diseases in plants.
2. Colon bacillus (Escherichia coli) belongs to the Enterobacteriaceae family, not the Pseudomonas genus.
3. Proteus is a genus of the Enterobacteriaceae family, not Pseudomonas.
4. Mycoplasma is a genus of bacteria that lack a cell wall and are not related to the Pseudomonas genus.

In summary, the correct answer is A because it is a member of the Pseudomonas genus known for causing diseases in medicinal plants, while

Complement fixation test

  • A. Is done in three stages
  • B. Is a test that can be used to detect the presence of either specific antibody or specific antigen in a patient's serum
  • C. Is done with human, not standardized complement proteins
  • D. Can be made with or without sheep red blood cells
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because the complement fixation test is a serological test that detects the presence of specific antibodies or antigens in a patient's serum. It works by measuring the ability of antibodies to fix complement proteins. Choice A is incorrect because the complement fixation test typically involves several steps, not necessarily three. Choice C is incorrect as standardized complement proteins are commonly used in this test. Choice D is incorrect because sheep red blood cells are not essential for performing the complement fixation test.

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