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A home health nurse is teaching about chest physiotherapy (CPT) treatments to a client with COPD. Which of the following client statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the teaching has been understood?
- A. My coughing will decrease during CPT treatments.
- B. CPT treatments will decrease my respiratory infections.
- C. I will perform postural drainage after eating meals.
- D. CPT treatments will help cure my COPD.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because chest physiotherapy (CPT) helps reduce respiratory infections by loosening mucus in the lungs. Choice A is incorrect because coughing may temporarily increase during CPT treatments as mucus is being cleared. Choice C is incorrect because postural drainage is typically performed before meals. Choice D is incorrect because while CPT can help manage symptoms and improve lung function in COPD, it does not cure the disease.
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A nurse at a provider's office is providing teaching to a client who is taking chemotherapy and losing weight. Which of the following should the nurse recommend to increase calorie and protein intake? (SATA)
- A. Top fruits with yogurt
- B. Add cream to soups
- C. Increase fluids during meals
- D. Use milk instead of water in recipes
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Topping fruits with yogurt is the correct recommendation to increase calorie and protein intake for a client on chemotherapy who is losing weight. Yogurt is a good source of protein and adding it to fruits can provide additional calories as well. Choice B, adding cream to soups, may increase calorie intake but does not specifically address protein needs. Choice C, increasing fluids during meals, is important for hydration but does not directly address calorie and protein intake. Choice D, using milk instead of water in recipes, may increase calorie content but does not focus on increasing protein intake, which is essential for clients on chemotherapy.
A community nurse is instructing a group of newly licensed nurses about diseases that require airborne precautions. Which of the following diseases should the nurse include?
- A. Rubella
- B. Pertussis
- C. Influenza
- D. Varicella
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Varicella. Varicella (chickenpox) is a disease that requires airborne precautions to prevent its spread. Airborne precautions are necessary to prevent transmission of pathogens that remain infectious over long distances when suspended in the air. Rubella, pertussis, and influenza do not require airborne precautions. Rubella and pertussis require droplet precautions, while influenza requires droplet and contact precautions. Therefore, Varicella is the only disease in the list that necessitates airborne precautions.
A patient is being treated for dehydration. Which lab result would support the diagnosis?
- A. Elevated hemoglobin
- B. Low sodium level
- C. High white blood cell count
- D. Elevated BUN
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Elevated BUN levels are a characteristic finding in dehydration due to reduced kidney perfusion and increased reabsorption of urea. Hemoglobin levels might be elevated in conditions like polycythemia vera, not directly related to dehydration. A low sodium level could be seen in conditions like hyponatremia. A high white blood cell count is more indicative of infection or inflammation rather than dehydration.
A nurse is providing home care for a client who is receiving tube feedings and medication through a gastrostomy tube. The family member providing the feedings reports that the client has begun to have diarrhea. For which of the following practices should the nurse intervene?
- A. Cleanse the bag every 24 hours
- B. Cleanse the bag every 48 hours
- C. Use tap water
- D. Flush the tube every 4 hours
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Cleansing the bag every 24 hours can lead to contamination, increasing the risk of infection and diarrhea. Using tap water (choice C) is not recommended for cleaning the gastrostomy tube due to the risk of introducing harmful microorganisms. Cleansing the bag every 48 hours (choice B) is not frequent enough and may also contribute to infection. Flushing the tube every 4 hours (choice D) is a standard practice to ensure patency and should not be intervened by the nurse.
A healthcare provider is completing discharge teaching to a client about nutrition therapy for wound healing following major surgery. Which of the following vitamins that promote wound healing should the healthcare provider include in the teaching? (SATA)
- A. Vitamin B12
- B. Vitamin C
- C. Vitamin K
- D. Vitamin D
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is Vitamin C. Vitamin C is essential for wound healing due to its role in collagen production. Collagen is crucial for wound repair and the formation of new tissue. Vitamin B12 is important for nerve function and DNA synthesis but is not directly related to wound healing. Vitamin K is essential for blood clotting and bone health but does not directly promote wound healing. Vitamin D plays a role in bone health and immune function but is not a primary vitamin involved in wound healing.