Nokea
A lack of functioning salivary amylase would prevent an individual from being able to digest lactose
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Salivary amylase digests starches, not lactose. Lactose digestion occurs in the small intestine via lactase.
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Starch is digested to maltose by the enzyme amylase. According to the 'lock and key' hypothesis, which is the 'key' and which is the 'lock'?
- A. key: amylase, lock: starch
- B. key: starch, lock: amylase
- C. key: maltose, lock: amylase
- D. key: amylase, lock: maltose
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In the lock and key model, the enzyme (amylase) is the key that specifically binds to the substrate (starch), acting as the lock.
About soft palate, all true Except:
- A. Separates nasopharynx upwards from oropharynx downwards
- B. Superior surface covered by stratified columnar
- C. Stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium on inferior surface
- D. Contain striated muscle with strong connective tissue between muscle bundles.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The superior surface of the soft palate is covered by pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium (respiratory epithelium), not stratified columnar, due to its proximity to the nasopharynx.
Obstruction of the common bile duct by gallstones would most likely affect the digestion of:
- A. carbohydrates
- B. fats
- C. proteins
- D. nucleic acids
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bile is essential for the emulsification and digestion of fats. An obstruction in the common bile duct would impair fat digestion.
All about Bile is true EXCEPT:
- A. Formed by gall bladder
- B. Formed by hepatocytes
- C. Concentrated in gall bladder
- D. Discharged into duodenum under effect of cholecystokinin.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bile is formed by hepatocytes, not the gallbladder, which only concentrates and stores it.
What role does the stomach play in the maintenance of normal vitamin B12 levels?
- A. Produces intrinsic factor
- B. Absorbs vitamin B12
- C. Stores vitamin B12
- D. Converts vitamin B12
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The stomach's parietal cells produce intrinsic factor, necessary for vitamin B12 absorption in the ileum.