Nokea
A man and woman are in their early eighties and have provided constant care for their 44-year-old son who has Down syndrome. When planning this familys care, the nurse should be aware that the parents most likely have what concerns around what question?
- A. What could we have done better for our son?
- B. Why was our son born with Down syndrome while our other children are healthy?
- C. Who will care for our son once were unable?
- D. Will we experience the effects of developmental disabilities late in life?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Parents of adult children with developmental disabilities often fear what will happen when they are no longer available and able to care for their children. Developmental delays do not have a late onset. Concerns about the causes of their sons disease likely predominated when he was younger.
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A patient with a spinal cord injury is being assessed by the nurse prior to his discharge home from the rehabilitation facility. The nurse is planning care through the lens of the interface model of disability. Within this model, the nurse will plan care based on what belief?
- A. The patient has the potential to function effectively despite his disability.
- B. The patients disabling condition does not have to affect his lifestyle.
- C. The patient will not require care from professional caregivers in the home setting.
- D. The patients disability is the most salient aspect of his personal identity.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The interface model does not ignore the disabling condition or its disabling effects; instead, it promotes the view that people with disabilities are capable, responsible people who are able to function effectively despite having a disability. This does not mean that the patient will not require care, however, or that it will not affect his lifestyle. The persons disability is not his identity.
A nurse is planning the care of a patient who has been diagnosed with renal failure, which the nurse recognizes as being a chronic condition. Which of the following descriptors apply to chronic conditions? Select all that apply.
- A. Diseases that resolve slowly
- B. Diseases where complete cures are rare
- C. Diseases that have a short, unpredictable course
- D. Diseases that do not resolve spontaneously
- E. Diseases that have a prolonged course
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: Chronic conditions can also be defined as illnesses or diseases that have a prolonged course, that do not resolve spontaneously, and for which complete cures are unlikely or rare.
A nurse knows that patients with invisible disabilities like chronic pain often feel that their chronic conditions are more challenging to deal with than more visible disabilities. Why would they feel this way?
- A. Invisible disabilities create negative attitudes in the health care community.
- B. Despite appearances, invisible disabilities can be as disabling as visible disabilities.
- C. Disabilities, such as chronic pain, are apparent to the general population.
- D. Disabilities. Such as chronic pain, may not be curable, unlike visible disabilities.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Many disabilities are visible, but invisible disabilities are often as disabling as those that can be seen. Invisible disabilities are not noted to create negative attitudes among health care workers, though this is a possibility. Disabilities, such as chronic pain, are considered invisible and are not apparent to the general population.
An international nurse has noted that a trend in developing countries is a decrease in mortality from some acute conditions. This has corresponded with an increase in the incidence and prevalence of chronic diseases. What has contributed to this decrease in mortality from some acute conditions?
- A. Improved nutrition
- B. Integration of alternative health practices
- C. Stronger international security measures
- D. Decrease in obesity
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In developing countries, chronic conditions have become the major cause of health-related problems due to improved nutrition, immunizations, and prompt and aggressive management of acute conditions. The integration of alternative health practices has not contributed to a decrease in mortality. Stronger international security measures have not contributed to a decrease in mortality. Obesity has not decreased, even in developing countries.
The nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with cancer of the liver who has chosen to remain in his home as long as he is able. The nurse reviews the care plan for the patient and notes that it focuses on palliative measures. The nurse also notes that over the last 3 weeks, the patients condition has continued to deteriorate. What is the nurses best response to this clinical information?
- A. Recognize that death will most likely occur in the next week.
- B. Recognize that the patient is in the trajectory phase of chronic illness and should be kept pain-free.
- C. Recognize that the patient is in the downward phase of chronic illness and should be reassessed.
- D. Recognize that the patient should immediately be admitted into the hospital.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The downward phase occurs when symptoms of chronic illness worsen despite attempts to control the course through proper regimen management. A downward turn does not necessarily lead to death. A downward trend can be arrested and the trajectory reestablished at any point, depending on the condition and the treatment. A patient who is palliative may not desire hospitalization and aggressive treatment.