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A man with a physical disability uses a wheelchair. The individual wants to attend a support group for the parents of autistic children, which is being held in the basement of a church. When the individual arrives at the church, he realizes there are no ramps or elevators to the basement so he will not be able to attend the support group. What type of barrier did this patient encounter?
- A. A structural barrier
- B. A barrier to health care
- C. An institutional barrier
- D. A transportation barrier
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Structural barriers make certain facilities inaccessible. Examples of structural barriers include stairs, lack of ramps, narrow doorways that do not permit entry of a wheelchair, and restroom facilities that cannot be used by people with disabilities. This individual did not experience a barrier to health care, an institutional barrier, or a transportation barrier.
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You are caring for a young woman who has Down syndrome and who has just been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. What consideration should you prioritize when planning this patients nursing care?
- A. How her new diagnosis affects her health attitudes
- B. How her diabetes affects the course of her Down syndrome
- C. How her chromosomal disorder affects her glucose metabolism
- D. How her developmental disability influences her health management
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: It is important to consider the interaction between existing disabilities and new diagnoses. Cognitive and motor deficits would greatly affect diabetes management. Diabetes would not likely affect her attitude or the course of her Down syndrome. Chromosomal disorders such as Down syndrome do not affect glucose metabolism.
The staff development nurse is presenting a class on the importance of incorporating people-first language into daily practice as well as documentation. What is an example of the use of people-first language when giving a verbal report?
- A. The schizophrenic
- B. The patient with schizophrenia
- C. The schizophrenic patient
- D. The schizophrenic client
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Using people-first language means referring to the person first: the patient with diabetes rather than the diabetic, the diabetic patient, or the diabetic client.
The nurse is caring for a young adult male with a traumatic brain injury and severe disabilities caused by a motor vehicle accident when he was an adolescent. Where does the nurse often provide care for patients like this young adult?
- A. Adult day-care facilities
- B. Step-down units
- C. Medical-surgical units
- D. Pediatric units
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Patients with preexisting disabilities due to conditions that have been present from birth or due to illnesses or injuries experienced as an adolescent or young adult often require health care and nursing care in medical-surgical settings. Step-down units provide care between the ICU setting and the regular units. Pediatric units provide care for patients aged 19 and younger. Adult day care may or may not be appropriate.
A medical-surgical nurse is teaching a patient about the health implications of her recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes. The nurse should teach the patient to be proactive with her glycemic control in order to reduce her risk of what health problem?
- A. Arthritis
- B. Renal failure
- C. Pancreatic cancer
- D. Asthma
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: One chronic disease can lead to the development of other chronic conditions. Diabetes, for example, can eventually lead to neurologic and vascular changes that may result in visual, cardiac, and kidney disease and erectile dysfunction. Diabetes is not often linked to cancer, arthritis, or asthma.
During their prime employable years between ages 21 and 64, 77% of those with a nonsevere disability are employed. What has research shown about this employed population?
- A. Their salaries are commensurate with their experience.
- B. They enjoy their jobs more than people who do not have disabilities.
- C. Employment rates are higher among people with a disability than those without.
- D. People with disabilities earn less money than people without disabilities.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Employed people with a disability earn less money than people without disabilities. Of those without a disability, 85% are employed as compared to 77% of those with a nonsevere disability. Job satisfaction is not noted to differ.