Nokea
A patient with a spinal cord injury is being assessed by the nurse prior to his discharge home from the rehabilitation facility. The nurse is planning care through the lens of the interface model of disability. Within this model, the nurse will plan care based on what belief?
- A. The patient has the potential to function effectively despite his disability.
- B. The patients disabling condition does not have to affect his lifestyle.
- C. The patient will not require care from professional caregivers in the home setting.
- D. The patients disability is the most salient aspect of his personal identity.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The interface model does not ignore the disabling condition or its disabling effects; instead, it promotes the view that people with disabilities are capable, responsible people who are able to function effectively despite having a disability. This does not mean that the patient will not require care, however, or that it will not affect his lifestyle. The persons disability is not his identity.
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A nurse is aware that the number of people in the United States who are living with disabilities is expected to continue increasing. What is considered to be one of the factors contributing to this increase?
- A. The decrease in the number of people with early-onset disabilities
- B. The increased inability to cure chronic disorders
- C. Changes in infection patterns resulting from antibiotic resistance
- D. Increased survival rates among people who experience trauma
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The number of people with disabilities is expected to increase over time as people with early-onset disabilities, chronic disorders, and severe trauma survive and have normal or near-normal lifespans. There has not been a decrease in the number of people with early-onset disabilities. Acquired chronic disorders still cannot be cured.
Research has corroborated an experienced nurses observation that the incidence and prevalence of chronic conditions is increasing in the United States. What health promotion initiative most directly addresses the factor that has been shown to contribute to this increase?
- A. A program to link residents with primary care providers
- B. A community-based weight-loss program
- C. A stress management workshop
- D. A cancer screening campaign
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lifestyle factors, such as smoking, chronic stress, and sedentary lifestyle, that increase the risk of chronic health problems such rhincrease in the incidence of chronic conditions. Obesity is paramount among these, exceeding the significance of lack of access to primary care, inadequate cancer screening, and inadequate personally significant than lack of access to primary care, inadequate cancer screening, and inadequate stress management.
You are the case manager who oversees the multidisciplinary care of several patients living with chronic conditions. Two of your patients are living with spina bifida. You recognize that the center of care for these two patients typically exists where?
- A. In the hospital
- B. In the physicians office
- C. In the home
- D. In the rehabilitation facility
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The day-to-day management of illness is largely the responsibility of people with chronic disorders and their families. As a result, the home, rather than the hospital, is the center of care in chronic conditions. Hospitals, rehabilitation facilities, clinics, physicians offices, nursing homes, nursing centers, and community agencies are considered adjuncts or back-up services to daily home management.
The nurse is caring for a young adult male with a traumatic brain injury and severe disabilities caused by a motor vehicle accident when he was an adolescent. Where does the nurse often provide care for patients like this young adult?
- A. Adult day-care facilities
- B. Step-down units
- C. Medical-surgical units
- D. Pediatric units
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Patients with preexisting disabilities due to conditions that have been present from birth or due to illnesses or injuries experienced as an adolescent or young adult often require health care and nursing care in medical-surgical settings. Step-down units provide care between the ICU setting and the regular units. Pediatric units provide care for patients aged 19 and younger. Adult day care may or may not be appropriate.
The nurse is reviewing the importance of preventative health care with a patient who has a disability. The patient states that she will not have the money to pay for her annual gynecologic exams or mammograms due to the cost of this hospitalization. What information would be appropriate for the nurse to share with the patient?
- A. Limited finances are a common problem for patients with a disability. Since you were hospitalized this year, you can likely forego the gynecologic exam and mammogram.
- B. These are very important health preventative measures, so you will need to borrow the money to pay for the exam and mammogram.
- C. Ill look into federal assistance programs that provide financial assistance for health-related expenses for people with disabling conditions.
- D. These preventative measures should likely be tax deductible, so you should consult with your accountant and then make your appointments.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Several federal assistance programs provide financial assistance for health-related expenses for people with some chronic illnesses, acquired disabling acute and chronic diseases, and diseases from childhood. Lack of financial resources, including health insurance, is an important barrier to health care for people with disabilities. Each of the other responses is inappropriate and inaccurate.