Nokea
A nurse knows that patients with invisible disabilities like chronic pain often feel that their chronic conditions are more challenging to deal with than more visible disabilities. Why would they feel this way?
- A. Invisible disabilities create negative attitudes in the health care community.
- B. Despite appearances, invisible disabilities can be as disabling as visible disabilities.
- C. Disabilities, such as chronic pain, are apparent to the general population.
- D. Disabilities. Such as chronic pain, may not be curable, unlike visible disabilities.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Many disabilities are visible, but invisible disabilities are often as disabling as those that can be seen. Invisible disabilities are not noted to create negative attitudes among health care workers, though this is a possibility. Disabilities, such as chronic pain, are considered invisible and are not apparent to the general population.
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An elderly patient has presented to the clinic with a new diagnosis of osteoarthritis. The patients daughter is accompanying him and you have explained why the incidence of chronic diseases tends to increase with age. What rationale for this phenomenon should you describe?
- A. With age, biologic changes reduce the efficiency of body systems.
- B. Older adults often have less support and care from their family, resulting in illness.
- C. There is an increased morbidity of peers in this age group, and this leads to the older adults desire to also assume the sick role.
- D. Chronic illnesses are diagnosed more often in older adults because they have more contact with the health care system.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Causes of the increasing number of people with chronic conditions include the following: longer lifespans because of advances in technology and pharmacology, improved nutrition, safer working conditions, and greater access (for some people) to health care. Also, biologic conditions change in the aged population. These changes reduce the efficiency of the bodys systems. Older adults usually have more support and care from their family members. Assuming the sick role can be a desire in any age group, not just the elderly.
The staff development nurse is presenting a class on the importance of incorporating people-first language into daily practice as well as documentation. What is an example of the use of people-first language when giving a verbal report?
- A. The schizophrenic
- B. The patient with schizophrenia
- C. The schizophrenic patient
- D. The schizophrenic client
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Using people-first language means referring to the person first: the patient with diabetes rather than the diabetic, the diabetic patient, or the diabetic client.
You are presenting patient teaching to a 48-year-old man who was just diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. The patient has a BMI of 35 and leads a sedentary lifestyle. You give the patient information on the risk factors for his diagnosis and begin talking with him about changing behaviors around diet and exercise. You know that further patient teaching is necessary when your patient tells you what?
- A. I need to start slow on an exercise program approved by my doctor.
- B. I know theres a chance I could have avoided this if Id always eaten better and exercised more.
- C. There is nothing that can be done anyway, because chronic diseases like diabetes cannot be prevented.
- D. I want to have a plan in place before I start making a lot of changes to my lifestyle.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The major causes of chronic diseases are known, and if these risk factors were eliminated, at least over 80% of heart disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes would be prevented. In addition, over 40% of cancers would be prevented. The other listed options are accurate statements.
You have admitted a new patient to your unit with a diagnosis of stage IV breast cancer. This woman has a comorbidity of myasthenia gravis. While you are doing the initial assessment, the patient tells you that she felt the lump in her breast about 9 months ago. You ask the patient why she did not see her health care provider when she first found the lump in her breast. What would be a factor that is known to influence the patient in seeking health care services?
- A. Lack of insight due to the success of self-managing a chronic condition
- B. Lack of knowledge about treatment options
- C. Overly sensitive patient reactions to health care services
- D. Unfavorable interactions with health care providers
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Because of unfavorable interactions with health care providers, including negative attitudes, insensitivity, and lack of knowledge, people with disabilities may avoid seeking medical intervention. The population of people who are disabled is not overly sensitive to the reactions of those providing health care services. This is more likely than lack of insight or knowledge on the part of the patient.
A community health nurse has drafted a program that will address the health promotion needs of members of the community who live with one or more disabilities. Which of the following areas of health promotion education is known to be neglected among adults with disabilities?
- A. Blood pressure screening
- B. Diabetes testing
- C. Nutrition
- D. Sexual health
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Health promotion interventions addressing sexual health in disabled individuals are necessary but rare. Blood pressure testing, diabetes testing, and nutrition are not known to constitute such a gap in health promotion teaching.