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A Mexican-American patient is attacked and beaten. This patient is at risk for "fright disease," which is known as:
- A. susto.
- B. empacho.
- C. bilis.
- D. mal ojo.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: susto. Susto is a cultural-bound syndrome in Mexican-American culture characterized by emotional distress due to a frightening or traumatic experience. This patient, having been attacked and beaten, is at risk for susto due to the emotional impact of the incident. Empacho refers to indigestion, bilis to anger, and mal ojo to the evil eye, none of which are directly related to the emotional distress caused by a traumatic event like in the case of susto.
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The Karnofsky prognostication scale is most appropriately used to screen patients with which medical diagnoses?
- A. Respiratory diseases
- B. Cancers
- C. Cardiac diseases
- D. AIDS
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The Karnofsky Prognostication Scale is commonly used in patients with terminal illness, such as AIDS, to assess their functional status and predict their prognosis. Patients with AIDS often experience rapid decline in health, making this scale useful in determining their overall well-being and potential outcomes.
Incorrect choices:
A: Respiratory diseases - The Karnofsky scale is not commonly used for screening patients with respiratory diseases.
B: Cancers - While the Karnofsky scale can be used for cancer patients, it is most commonly associated with terminal illnesses like AIDS.
C: Cardiac diseases - The Karnofsky scale is not typically used for screening patients with cardiac diseases.
A nurse is interviewing for a job and recently read the American Nurses Association's (ANA) recommendation for questions to ask regarding before accepting employment. Which questions should the nurse ask?
- A. Do you have flexible scheduling?
- B. What are the expectations for advancement?
- C. How long do staff nurses stay before resigning?
- D. What is the mission of the parent organization?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because understanding the mission of the parent organization is crucial for aligning personal values with the organizational goals. This knowledge can help the nurse assess if their values and beliefs are in line with the organization's mission, leading to better job satisfaction and performance.
A: Flexible scheduling is important but not specified in ANA's recommendations.
B: Advancement expectations are important, but not a priority in ANA's recommendations.
C: Staff retention is relevant, but not emphasized in ANA's recommendations.
Current trends in telecommunications and increased mobility of nurses have led to the approval of a mutual recognition model of nursing regulation, in which nurses are allowed to practice in states that are compact states without obtaining a license in each state. On which website would a nurse find a list of current compact states?
- A. National League for Nursing (NLN)
- B. National Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN)
- C. American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN)
- D. Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education (CCNE)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: National Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN). NCSBN manages the Nurse Licensure Compact (NLC), which allows nurses to practice in compact states without obtaining additional licenses. Nurses can find a list of current compact states on the NCSBN website. NLN (A) focuses on nursing education, not regulation. AACN (C) is an organization for academic nursing programs. CCNE (D) accredits nursing education programs, not regulatory information.
The first university to offer nursing graduates a baccalaureate degree was:
- A. Columbia Teachers College.
- B. Yale University.
- C. Harvard University.
- D. the New York Regents Program.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Columbia Teachers College. This institution was the first to offer nursing graduates a baccalaureate degree, pioneering the advancement of nursing education. Columbia Teachers College had a dedicated nursing program that emphasized academic and clinical training, setting the standard for future nursing education.
Explanation:
A: Columbia Teachers College - Correct. Pioneered baccalaureate degree for nursing graduates.
B: Yale University - Incorrect. Not historically known for offering the first baccalaureate degree in nursing.
C: Harvard University - Incorrect. Focused on medical education, not nursing, at the time.
D: New York Regents Program - Incorrect. Not a university and did not offer baccalaureate degrees in nursing.
A nurse practices a relaxing massage technique to stimulate and apply pressure to the feet or hands, increasing blood supply circulation to various parts of the body and relieving pain. The massage technique used by the practitioner is referred to as:
- A. reflexology.
- B. Feldenkrais method.
- C. Reiki.
- D. Rolfing.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: reflexology. Reflexology is a practice based on the theory that specific areas on the feet and hands correspond to different organs and systems in the body. By stimulating these areas through massage techniques, blood circulation is increased, promoting healing and pain relief.
- Choice B, Feldenkrais method, focuses on improving movement and function through awareness and gentle movements, not specifically targeting reflex points.
- Choice C, Reiki, involves the transfer of energy to promote healing, but does not involve massage techniques or specific reflex points.
- Choice D, Rolfing, is a type of bodywork that focuses on manipulating the body's connective tissues to improve posture and alignment, not specifically targeting reflex points like in reflexology.