Nokea
A middle-aged client presents for an annual health visit at a community clinic. The client is 5 feet 10 inches (177.8 cm) tall, weighs 250 pounds (113.4 kg), and works as an accountant. The client has smoked at least one pack of cigarettes every day for the last 15 years. Which secondary prevention measure should the nurse recommend the client to follow?
- A. Smoking cessation.
- B. Compliance with antihypertensive and lipid lowering agents.
- C. Blood pressure and lipid screening.
- D. Increase physical activity and diet low in saturated fat.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Blood pressure and lipid screening are secondary prevention measures to detect cardiovascular issues early, critical for a smoker with obesity and high cardiovascular risk.
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The nurse is teaching adults in the community about suicide awareness. Which information should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Suicide discussion is dangerous with people with depression.
- B. The majority of suicides occur in lower socioeconomic groups.
- C. Social support systems ensure suicide prevention.
- D. Severe life stresses at any age is a risk factor for suicide.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Severe life stresses are a well-established risk factor for suicide across all ages, critical for awareness and prevention efforts.
A nurse is interested in studying the incidence of infant death in a particular city and wants to compare that city's rate to the state's rate. Which state resource should the nurse select to gather this information?
- A. Census data.
- B. Bureau of Vital Statistics.
- C. Disease registry.
- D. Department of Health.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The Bureau of Vital Statistics provides detailed data on vital events like deaths, making it the best resource for accurate infant mortality rates for city and state comparisons.
The community health nurse determines that the average family income of a certain community is $67,000 per year with a range of $27,000 to $102,000. Based on this demographic information, which additional information is important for the nurse to assess?
- A. Characteristics of familles in the upper-middle class.
- B. The reliability of such a high average family income.
- C. The frequency of incomes above and below the average.
- D. Interventions focused on college-educated individuals.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Assessing income distribution frequency reveals socioeconomic disparities, guiding targeted interventions to address the needs of both lower and higher-income groups within the community.
The nurse notes that the influenza immunization rates are much lower for certain demographic groups than for others. Which intervention is likely to be most useful in increasing the rates of immunization in these under-served immunization groups?
- A. Legislative proposals that mandate influenza vaccinations for all.
- B. Radio announcements about the availability of the influenza vaccine.
- C. Reports describing influenza rates during times of greatest prevalence.
- D. Designation of clinics conveniently located in target neighborhoods.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Conveniently located clinics address access barriers, increasing influenza vaccination rates in underserved groups.
The nurse is documenting the medical history of a young adult client who was recently diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. The client smokes 2 packs of cigarettes daily and the client's father died of a heart attack at the age of 45. Which annual screening is most important for the nurse include?
- A. Renal insufficiency.
- B. Peripheral neuropathy.
- C. Hyperlipidemia.
- D. Retinopathy.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Given the client's smoking habit and family history of early heart attack, screening for hyperlipidemia is critical to address cardiovascular risk, which is heightened by these factors and diabetes.