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A middle-aged woman is 40 pounds over her ideal weight. Which of the following statements best illustrates the effect of her self-concept on health and illness?
- A. I am just too busy with my kids to bother about a diet.
- B. Why should I lose weight? Ill still be fat.
- C. My sister is thin, but I dont think she looks that good.
- D. My husband loves me this way.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Self-concept affects health behaviors; a negative self-concept, like believing weight loss won't change her perceived fatness, can hinder health efforts.
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Which of the following is an example of a characteristic of the Stage 2 of illness?
- A. A person tells his family that he is sick and allows them to take care of him.
- B. A person experiences a headache and sore throat and takes an aspirin.
- C. A person visits a physician to receive treatment for symptoms of an infection.
- D. A person begins rehabilitation following a stroke that left him paralyzed on one side.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Stage 2 involves assuming the sick role, where a person acknowledges their illness to others and may seek support from family.
On which of the following components is Rosenstocks health belief model based? Select all that apply.
- A. perceived susceptibility to a disease
- B. perceived consequences of treating disease
- C. perceived seriousness of a disease
- D. perceived benefits of action
- E. perceived immunity to disease
- F. perceived benefits of health insurance
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: Rosenstock's health belief model includes perceived susceptibility, seriousness, and benefits of action, which influence health-related behaviors.
What manifestation is the most significant symptom indicating an illness?
- A. bleeding
- B. runny nose
- C. pain
- D. itching
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pain is often the most significant symptom of illness as it can severely impact a person's quality of life and is a common indicator of underlying issues.
Which of the following is an example of the sociocultural dimension influencing a persons healthillness status?
- A. A family lives in a city environment where the air pollution levels are high.
- B. A father who is a practicing Jehovahs Witness refuses a blood transfusion for his son.
- C. A teenager who was in an automobile accident worries that his scars will cause him to lose friends.
- D. A single mother of two applies for food stamps in order to feed her family.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The sociocultural dimension includes beliefs and values, such as religious practices, that influence health decisions like refusing a blood transfusion.
Which of the following statements accurately describes the concepts of disease and illness?
- A. A disease is traditionally diagnosed and treated by a nurse.
- B. The focus of nurses is the person with an illness.
- C. A person with an illness cannot be considered healthy.
- D. Illness is a normal process that affects level of functioning.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nurses focus on the holistic care of individuals with an illness, addressing their physical, emotional, and social needs, rather than just the disease.